Butler–Volmer equation - 2023 ARCADIA at Maryland

Question

This equation depends on a “charge transfer coefficient” that quantifies the asymmetry of the potential barrier. For 10 points each:

[10h] Name this doubly eponymous equation in electrochemical kinetics. This equation states that the current at an electrode is the sum of two contributions, one exponentially increasing in the voltage and one decaying.

ANSWER: Butler–Volmer equation

[10e] The electrode current cannot grow indefinitely with increasing voltage; it is eventually limited by the rate at which this process brings fresh reactants to the surface. This process transports species from high to low concentration.

ANSWER: diffusion

[10m] The rates are exponential in this quantity, symbolized eta. This quantity measures the difference between a reaction’s equilibrium potential and the potential of the electrode where it is occurring.

ANSWER: overpotential

<RA, Chemistry>

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Summary


2023 ARCADIA at UC Berkeley	Premiere	Y	2	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Carleton University	Premiere	Y	3	6.67	67%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Claremont Colleges	Premiere	Y	1	20.00	100%	100%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Duke	Emory, Duke, Yale	Y	4	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Emory	Emory, Duke, Yale	Y	4	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Imperial	Imperial	Y	5	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Indiana	Premiere	Y	5	20.00	100%	60%	40%
2023 ARCADIA at Maryland	Maryland, Online	Y	3	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA at Ohio State	Ohio State, Texas	Y	3	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2023 ARCADIA Online	Maryland, Online	Y	3	26.67	100%	100%	67%
2023 ARCADIA at RIT	Premiere	Y	2	20.00	100%	50%	50%
2023 ARCADIA at Texas	Ohio State, Texas	Y	3	23.33	100%	67%	67%
2023 ARCADIA at WUSTL	Premiere	Y	3	16.67	100%	33%	33%

Data


Johns Hopkins	George Washington B	10	10
Maryland A	Georgetown	10	10
George Washington A	Maryland B	10	10