These objects can have their performance empirically modeled with an equation of the form of a sine containing nested arctangents commonly called Pacejka’s (“puh-SAY-kuh’s”) “magic formula.” These objects are the most common product that includes the preservative 6PPD, which reacts with ozone to form a compound lethal to coho salmon. These objects may be made in bias ply designs or in radial ply designs using reinforcing steel belts. “End-of-life” examples of these objects may be ground into (*) “crumb,” which can be used as a “modifier” in asphalt. These objects are covered in sipes and have differently-sized pitches organized to alter their noise distributions and abate urban (-5[1])noise pollution. Schrader valves are typically (-5[1])used to fill, (10[1])for 10 points, what objects that typically have internal pressures of roughly 35 psi (10[1])and are characterized by their tread patterns? ■END■ (10[3])