In 2020, Scott Aaronson conjectured that the busy beaver function of 20 was the upper bound of what this system could prove. Shelah showed that two implications of this system produce contradictory answers to the Whitehead problem. The first-order form of this system violates the Löwenheim–Skolem theorem, leading to Skolem’s paradox. In 1963, Paul Cohen used forcing to show that this system and the continuum hypothesis are independent of each other. This system’s inclusion of the axiom of specification allows it to avoid Russell’s paradox. The letter C is appended to this system’s name to indicate its inclusion of the axiom of choice. For 10 points, name this standard formulation of set theory proposed by two German mathematicians, often known by a two-letter acronym. ■END■
| California (North) | Main Site | Y | 3 | 67% | 0% | 100% | 103.50 |
| California (South) | Main Site | Y | 4 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 67.00 |
| Canada | Main Site | Y | 12 | 83% | 0% | 0% | 88.30 |
| Florida | Main Site | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 91.67 |
| Great Lakes | Main Site | Y | 5 | 80% | 0% | 20% | 81.00 |
| Lower Mid-Atlantic | Main Site | Y | 8 | 63% | 0% | 13% | 92.80 |
| Midwest | Main Site | Y | 8 | 75% | 0% | 25% | 79.67 |
| Northeast | Main Site | Y | 5 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 77.80 |
| Overflow | Main Site | Y | 3 | 67% | 0% | 33% | 87.00 |
| South Central | Main Site | Y | 2 | 50% | 0% | 0% | 67.00 |
| Southeast | Main Site | Y | 7 | 57% | 0% | 14% | 106.00 |
| UK | Main Site | Y | 6 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 68.50 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic | Main Site | Y | 9 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 76.89 |
| Upstate NY | Main Site | Y | 4 | 50% | 0% | 0% | 65.00 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denis Liu | Stanford B | Stanford A | 21 | -5 |
| Samuel Lipsutz | Chicago E | Chicago A | 23 | 10 |
| Oliver West | Cambridge C | LSE | 29 | 10 |
| Aiden Bang | Johns Hopkins B | John Jay | 36 | 10 |
| Ted Harrison | Edinburgh B | Bristol | 39 | 10 |
| Rohan Dalal | Georgia Tech A | Minnesota A | 45 | -5 |
| Anuttam Ramji | Berkeley B | Berkeley A | 46 | -5 |
| Abby Smith | Berkeley C | Berkeley D | 46 | -5 |
| Eric Morshed | Johns Hopkins A | Columbia A | 49 | 10 |
| Stefan Stealey-Euchner | Arizona State | UCLA B | 50 | 10 |
| Akshay Seetharam | Claremont | Washington B | 50 | 10 |
| Kevin Ye | Simon Fraser | Toronto C | 56 | 10 |
| Stephen Walsh | Northwestern B | Indiana B | 56 | -5 |
| Mattias Ehatamm | Maryland A | NYU A | 58 | 10 |
| Kaiwen Xiao | UCLA A | UC Irvine | 61 | 10 |
| Emmanuel Alayande | Florida B | Central Florida C | 61 | 10 |
| Philip Yao | Brown | Dartmouth B | 61 | 10 |
| Surya Dinesh | MIT | Yale | 61 | 10 |
| Matthew Sumanen | Georgia Tech C | Georgia Tech B | 61 | 10 |
| Eveline Ong | Oxford A | Imperial C | 64 | 10 |
| Matthew Wang | UBC A | Waterloo A | 65 | 10 |
| Asha Basu | McGill A | Waterloo B | 65 | 10 |
| Brian Hoff | Cornell B | Cornell A | 65 | 10 |
| Cade Reinberger | RIT | Penn State | 65 | 10 |
| Athena Shadden | Texas A | Texas B | 67 | 10 |
| Colin Veevers | Ottawa | Toronto B | 70 | 10 |
| Jake Meltzer | CWRU A | Michigan C | 70 | 10 |
| Dennis Yang | Michigan B | Michigan State | 70 | 10 |
| Noah Chin | Virginia Tech A | North Carolina C | 70 | 10 |
| Matthew Westley | Purdue A | Notre Dame B | 70 | 10 |
| Max Neal | Harvard B | Brandeis B | 71 | 10 |
| Coby Tran | Chicago C | Purdue B | 72 | 10 |
| Joy An | Harvard A | Southern Connecticut State | 72 | 10 |
| Zachary Joseph | Columbia B | NYU B | 72 | 10 |
| Adam Iqbal | Durham | Oxford B | 73 | 10 |
| Ben Hellman | Swarthmore | Georgetown | 74 | 10 |
| Kerry Xu | UCSD B | UCSD A | 78 | 10 |
| Amir Dolansky | Toronto E | Guelph | 78 | 10 |
| Tianyi Zheng | UCSD C | UC Santa Barbara | 79 | 10 |
| John McQueen | South Carolina A | Virginia Tech B | 82 | -5 |
| Oscar O'Flanagan | Imperial A | UCL | 82 | 10 |
| Calvin Bostleman | Ohio State A | Ohio State C | 84 | 10 |
| Ariel Faeder | Pittsburgh | CWRU B | 84 | -5 |
| John Mitnik | Columbia C | Rutgers B | 84 | 10 |
| Parker McCoig | Tennessee A | Georgia Tech D | 86 | -5 |
| Raymond Jiang | Illinois C | Indiana C | 87 | -5 |
| Abbott Sherwin | NC State A | Liberty B | 89 | 10 |
| Zaid Asif | NYU C | Vassar | 91 | 10 |
| June Miller | Florida A | Central Florida A | 92 | 10 |
| Nicolaus Derikx | Carleton University | UBC B | 93 | 10 |
| Samarth Ram | Chicago B | Illinois A | 93 | 10 |
| Michał Gerasimiuk | Stanford A | Stanford B | 95 | 10 |
| Chris Yoo | William and Mary | VCU | 95 | 10 |
| Owen Banks | Duke | North Carolina A | 97 | 10 |
| Yashwanth Bajji | Michigan A | Ohio State B | 100 | 10 |
| Dustin Sanders | Chicago D | Northwestern D | 101 | 10 |
| Seth Allen | McMaster A | Queen's | 102 | 10 |
| Ian Parsons | Maryland C | Rutgers A | 105 | 10 |
| Swapnil Garg | Berkeley A | Berkeley B | 112 | 10 |
| Athan Juritsch | Toronto G | Western C | 112 | 10 |
| Joseph Chambers | Virginia | James Madison A | 113 | 10 |
| Jack Lewis | Bruin | WashU A | 117 | 10 |
| Samuel Zheng | Toronto D | Toronto Metropolitan | 118 | 10 |
| Jacob Finley | Notre Dame A | Northwestern C | 119 | 10 |
| Peyton Legg | Central Florida B | Florida C | 122 | 10 |
| Sawyer Smith | Mississipi State | Alabama B | 122 | 10 |
| Kevin Liu | Maryland B | Catholic | 123 | 10 |
| Rishabh Dave | Berkeley D | Berkeley C | 124 | 0 |
| Luke Sloan | McGill B | Brock | 124 | 0 |
| Milan Fernandez | Brock | McGill B | 124 | 0 |
| Sicheng Jiang | Toronto F | McMaster B | 124 | 10 |
| Yash Modi | Western B | Western A | 124 | 0 |
| Anthony Yin | CWRU B | Pittsburgh | 124 | 0 |
| Fionn O'Connor | South Carolina B | James Madison B | 124 | 0 |
| James Watson | Wake Forest | NC State B | 124 | 0 |
| Summer Solis | James Madison B | South Carolina B | 124 | 0 |
| Dan Rajaratnam | NC State B | Wake Forest | 124 | 0 |
| Nermeen Rahman | Indiana B | Northwestern B | 124 | 0 |
| Ayaan Jajodia | Dartmouth A | Brandeis A | 124 | 10 |
| Lucas Barnes | Missouri B | Carleton College | 124 | 0 |
| Isaac Studley | Carleton College | Missouri B | 124 | 0 |
| Puna Ekka | Minnesota A | Georgia Tech A | 124 | 10 |
| Dwight Solano | Texas A&M A | Murray State A | 124 | 0 |
| Kanyon Beck | Murray State A | Texas A&M A | 124 | 0 |
| Nihal Jacob | Kentucky | WashU B | 124 | 0 |
| S. A. Shenoy | Georgia Tech D | Tennessee A | 124 | 10 |
| Tomas Ospina | Alabama A | Louisville B | 124 | 0 |
| Roy Yang | WashU B | Kentucky | 124 | 0 |
| Alina Moore | Tennessee B | Sewanee | 124 | 0 |
| Ben Tibbles | Sewanee | Tennessee B | 124 | 0 |
| Nathan Woolery | Louisville B | Alabama A | 124 | 0 |
| Ben LaFond | Cambridge B | City St. George's | 124 | 10 |
| Eli O'Sick Johnson | Binghamton B | Binghamton A | 124 | 0 |
| Andrew Miller | Binghamton A | Binghamton B | 124 | 0 |
| Kieran Freed | Rochester | Cornell C | 124 | 0 |
| Alan Li | Cornell C | Rochester | 124 | 0 |