virtù AND Fortuna - 2026 ACF Regionals

Question

Note to players: Original-language terms required. Niccolò Machiavelli analogizes one of these concepts as a raging river that floods places where wisdom and this other concept are not there to resist it. For 10 points each:

[10h] Name these two concepts central to Machiavellian leadership. One is a set of qualities necessary for a ruler to achieve greatness, while the other refers to the unpredictability and chance nature of events.

ANSWER: virtù AND Fortuna

[10e] Virtù (“veer-TOO”) and Fortuna are extensively dealt with in this seminal work of Machiavelli. This treatise infamously states that “It is much safer to be feared than loved, when only one is possible.”

ANSWER: The Prince [or Il Principe or De Principatibus]

[10m] The second part of this other Machiavelli work, often said to be a more honest reflection of his beliefs, asks whether virtù or Fortuna was more responsible for the rise of Roman power chronicled in Ab urbe condita.

ANSWER: Discourses on Livy [or Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio]

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Summary


California (South)	Main Site	Y	4	15.00	100%	50%	0%
Canada	Main Site	Y	12	16.67	100%	50%	17%
Great Lakes	Main Site	Y	4	17.50	100%	50%	25%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	Main Site	Y	9	18.89	100%	67%	22%
Northeast	Main Site	Y	6	16.67	100%	67%	0%
Overflow	Main Site	Y	3	23.33	100%	100%	33%
Southeast	Main Site	Y	8	15.00	100%	50%	0%
UK	Main Site	Y	6	13.33	100%	33%	0%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	Main Site	Y	8	23.75	100%	100%	38%

Data


Arizona State	UC Irvine	0	10	10	20
UCSD B	UCLA B	0	10	0	10
UCSD A	UCLA A	0	10	10	20
UC Santa Barbara	UCSD C	0	10	0	10
Brock	Western C	0	10	0	10
Carleton University	Waterloo B	0	10	10	20
Guelph	McGill A	0	10	0	10
McMaster B	Western A	0	10	10	20
Queen's	Ottawa	10	10	10	30
McGill B	Simon Fraser	0	10	0	10
UBC A	Toronto B	10	10	10	30
Toronto C	Toronto G	0	10	0	10
UBC B	Toronto E	0	10	0	10
Toronto Metropolitan	Toronto F	0	10	10	20
Waterloo A	McMaster A	0	10	10	20
Western B	Toronto D	0	10	0	10
CWRU A	Ohio State B	0	10	10	20
Michigan A	Michigan B	10	10	0	20
Pittsburgh	Ohio State A	0	10	10	20
Ohio State C	CWRU B	0	10	0	10
Duke	Liberty B	0	10	10	20
Liberty A	Wake Forest	0	10	10	20
NC State A	James Madison B	0	10	0	10
North Carolina C	North Carolina A	0	10	0	10
South Carolina A	James Madison A	0	10	0	10
Virginia Tech A	VCU	10	10	10	30
Virginia Tech B	North Carolina B	0	10	10	20
Virginia	Liberty C	0	10	10	20
William and Mary	South Carolina B	10	10	10	30
Dartmouth B	Bowdoin A	0	10	0	10
MIT	Bowdoin B	0	10	10	20
Brown	Brandeis B	0	10	10	20
Harvard A	Brandeis A	0	10	10	20
Harvard B	Southern Connecticut State	0	10	0	10
Dartmouth A	Yale	0	10	10	20
Missouri B	Iowa State	10	10	10	30
Minnesota A	Missouri A	0	10	10	20
Washington A	Washington B	0	10	10	20
Bruin	Louisville B	0	10	10	20
Georgia Tech D	Georgia Tech C	0	10	0	10
Kentucky	Mississipi State	0	10	10	20
Louisville A	Sewanee	0	10	0	10
Alabama A	Tennessee A	0	10	10	20
Tennessee B	Alabama B	0	10	0	10
Georgia Tech B	WashU A	0	10	10	20
WashU B	Vanderbilt B	0	10	0	10
Southampton A	Birmingham	0	10	10	20
Imperial B	Cambridge A	0	10	0	10
Cardiff	Oxford C	0	10	0	10
Southampton B	Manchester	0	10	0	10
Edinburgh A	Warwick A	0	10	10	20
Montpellier	Warwick B	0	10	0	10
NYU A	Catholic	10	10	10	30
Columbia A	Rutgers B	0	10	10	20
Columbia C	Columbia B	10	10	10	30
John Jay	Rutgers A	0	10	10	20
Johns Hopkins A	Maryland A	0	10	10	20
Maryland C	Johns Hopkins B	0	10	10	20
Maryland B	NYU C	0	10	10	20
Georgetown	NYU B	10	10	10	30