The 1915 death of longtime prime minister Paul Eyschen caused a political crisis in this polity, whose absorption by another polity was planned in the September Program. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this polity where the Spartacist Uprising inspired the proclamation of a republic in January 1919 that lasted only six hours, but still forced its ruler Marie-Adélaïde to abdicate in favor of her sister Charlotte.
ANSWER: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg [or Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg; or Grand-Duché de Luxembourg; or Grossherzogtum Luxemburg]
[10m] Eyschen had clashed with Marie-Adélaïde over the 1912 “Braun Law” aimed at reforming these institutions. These institutions were also the subject of the Jules Ferry laws in France and a pair of namesake “wars” in Belgium.
ANSWER: primary schools [accept public or state schools; accept educational institutions; reject “universities” or “colleges”]
[10e] Marie-Adélaïde belonged to the House of Nassau, whose Orange branch ruled this kingdom. Salic Law broke up the personal union between Luxembourg and this kingdom on the accession of Queen Wilhelmina in 1890.
ANSWER: Kingdom of the Netherlands [or Koninkrijk der Nederlanden]
<Georgia Tech D, European History>