In a paper on these institutions “in the Middle Ages,” George Makdisi warns against analogizing them to their European counterparts. A possibly apocryphal tradition holds that a building occupied by one of these institutions was founded by Fatima al-Fihri. That institution was named after the people of Kairouan, or al-Qarawiyyin (“al-kah-rah-wee-YEEN”). Al-Sahili was credited with building a complex that housed one of these institutions together with nearby Sidi Yahya called Djinguereber (“jin-guh-ray-BAIR”). Saladin ended Shi’a influence in one of these institutions at Cairo called Al-Azhar (“all-UZZ-har”). Another one of these institutions was housed at Sankoré (“sahn-ko-RAY”) Mosque in Timbuktu. For 10 points, the Qur’an and Islamic law were studied at what institutions often analogized to those created in Bologna and Oxford? ■END■
| 2025 ACF Nationals | 2025-08-09 | Y | 3 | 67% | 0% | 67% | 73.50 |
| Florida | Main | Y | 13 | 100% | 0% | 8% | 68.38 |
| Midwest | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 13% | 73.75 |
| Northeast | Main | Y | 5 | 100% | 0% | 20% | 87.60 |
| Canada | Main | Y | 6 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 79.00 |
| South Central | Main | Y | 5 | 100% | 0% | 20% | 73.20 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 13% | 73.38 |
| Upstate NY | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 75.50 |
| Pacific Northwest | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 72.60 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yusuf Baig | McMaster A | Toronto D | 38 | 10 |
| Hafsa Shaikh | Toronto G | Toronto Metropolitan | 38 | 10 |
| Arthur Bellamy | Oxford B | Cambridge D | 38 | 10 |
| Ilyas Choukri | Virginia Tech B | Tusculum | 39 | 10 |
| Anne Fjeld | Alberta B | Texas A | 42 | 10 |
| Blake Kim-Wansbrough | Toronto E | Waterloo | 43 | 10 |
| Ved Muthusamy | Northwestern A | Texas B | 46 | 10 |
| Luke Sloan | McGill C | Queen's A | 47 | 10 |
| Wesley Stine | Clemson A | Liberty C | 47 | 10 |
| Daniel Abrams | Rutgers C | Lehigh B | 47 | 10 |
| James Horsley | Iowa State | Macalester A | 48 | 10 |
| Deepanshi Matai | Toronto C | Ottawa | 49 | 10 |
| Abbott Sherwin | NC State | North Carolina A | 49 | 10 |
| Aiden Hart | Kentucky | Chicago A | 49 | 10 |
| Ishan Ramesh | Illinois C | Chicago D | 49 | 10 |
| Isaac Studley | Carleton | Nebraska | 49 | 10 |
| Skand Parvatikar | Arizona State A | UCO | 49 | -5 |
| Elijah Pollock | UTD A | Rose State | 54 | 10 |
| Eva Mandelbaum | Guelph A | Toronto A | 56 | 10 |
| Akshar Goyal | Illinois A | Michigan B | 56 | 10 |
| Will McCurley | Auburn A | Georgia Tech A | 56 | 10 |
| Jack Lewis | Bruin A | Georgia Tech C | 56 | 10 |
| Jack Casey | Illinois B | Michigan D | 58 | 10 |
| Puna Ekka | Minnesota A | Macalester B | 61 | 10 |
| Josh Xu | UCLA B | Claremont Scripps | 62 | 10 |
| Jaz the Mononymous | Southampton B | Sheffield A | 63 | -5 |
| Nabhaan Farooqi | McGill B | Carleton | 68 | -5 |
| Emily Kadolph | Virginia Tech A | North Carolina C | 69 | -5 |
| Thomas Catuosco | Rutgers B | Princeton A | 69 | 10 |
| Chauncey Lo | Columbia A | Rowan A | 69 | -5 |
| Rae Meyers | Arizona State B | Tulsa | 69 | 10 |
| Adam Iqbal | Durham A | Warwick A | 71 | -5 |
| Isaac Millians | USC | UCSB | 72 | 10 |
| Veer Vanmali | Mississippi State A | Huntsville B | 79 | 10 |
| Ava Butler | McGill A | Toronto B | 80 | 10 |
| Simon Burstein | Virginia B | James Madison | 80 | 10 |
| Arhith Dharanendra | Georgia Tech D | Georgia Tech B | 80 | 10 |
| Jonah Hubert | Notre Dame A | Louisville A | 81 | 10 |
| Truman Hill | Vanderbilt A | Vanderbilt B | 81 | 10 |
| Clio Selyuzhitsky | UCSD What Hath God Wrought | UCLA D | 82 | 10 |
| Karthik Jayaram | UCLA A | Claremont Pitzer | 82 | 10 |
| Kerry Xu | UCSD Two Running Violet V Forms | UCSD Vices and Virtues | 82 | 10 |
| Loukas Juritsch | Toronto I | McMaster C | 82 | 10 |
| Yash Modi | Western Ontario | Queen's B | 82 | 10 |
| Kevin Le | Carleton | McGill B | 82 | 10 |
| Reed Sexton | Michigan C | Purdue C | 82 | 10 |
| Samarth Ram | Chicago B | Notre Dame B | 82 | 10 |
| Mitchell Hacket | UCO | Arizona State A | 82 | 10 |
| Kaushul Manikandan | Huntsville A | Alabama A | 82 | 10 |
| Abdelrahman Elsisi | Sheffield A | Southampton B | 82 | 0 |
| Nermeen Rahman | Indiana B | Notre Dame C | 83 | 10 |
| James Wadsley | McGill D | Northwestern B | 83 | 10 |
| Davin Sivertson | Alabama B | Auburn B | 83 | 10 |
| Sean Gao | Toronto K | Toronto H | 86 | 10 |
| Misbah Meghani | UAB A | Sewanee A | 87 | 10 |
| Imtiaz Kidwai | Toronto F | Toronto J | 89 | 10 |
| Liam Buck | St. Thomas | Minnesota B | 91 | 10 |
| Trey Lewis | South Carolina A | Liberty B | 92 | 10 |
| Josh Schmidt | Liberty A | North Carolina B | 92 | 10 |
| Nitin Murthy | Purdue A | Notre Dame D | 92 | 10 |
| Rahul Jogadhenu | UCLA C | UCI | 94 | 10 |
| Sam Kung | North Carolina C | Virginia Tech A | 94 | 10 |
| Chase Barrick | Lehigh A | Columbia B | 94 | 10 |
| Teshawn McDonald | Louisville B | Chicago C | 94 | 10 |
| Young Fenimore Lee | Ohio | Iowa | 94 | 10 |
| Gannon Rice | Clemson B | South Carolina B | 97 | 10 |
| Ben Stras | Wisconsin | Minnesota C | 107 | -5 |
| Antoni Kluzowski | Warwick A | Durham A | 109 | 10 |
| Christopher Pawul | Columbia C | Vassar A | 111 | 10 |
| Noah Jaye | McMaster B | Guelph B | 117 | 10 |
| Rahul Rao-Pothuraju | Rowan A | Columbia A | 117 | 10 |
| Athena Devashish | Minnesota C | Wisconsin | 117 | 10 |
| Amiya Zope | UTD B | Northwestern C | 117 | 10 |