The GP-A experiment directly measured this phenomenon in space and on Earth. Relativistic aberration and this phenomenon are responsible for apparent increases in luminosity via relativistic beaming. (-5[2])If an angle theta is slowly varying, the strength of this phenomenon (-5[1])equals one minus cosine theta (-5[2])times v over c. (10[2]-5[2])In relativity, the strength of this phenomenon (10[3]-5[4])equals (10[1])the square root of the fraction (-5[2])“one plus beta (-5[1])over one (10[1])minus beta.” (10[2]-5[5])Canal (10[2])rays (10[2])underwent (10[2])this (10[1])phenomenon (10[2])in the (10[2])Ives–Stilwell (10[1]-5[1])experiment (10[5]-5[2])supporting (10[1])special (-5[1])relativity, (10[1]-5[3])while (-5[1])the (10[1]-5[1])Pound–Rebka (-5[2])experiment measured a form of this effect caused (10[1])by (10[1])gravitational time (-5[1])dilation. (10[3]-5[4])Hubble’s law (10[1])is based on observations (10[1])of this effect. (10[3]-5[2])For 10 points, (10[1])what effect (-5[1])changes the frequency of (10[1])waves (10[5])emitted by (10[1])moving sources? (10[3])■END■ (10[39]0[2])