gunpowder - 2025 ACF Winter

Question

Douglas Streusand emphasized policy, rather than the influence of this commodity, in a counterexample to one hypothesis. For 10 points each:

[10m] Name this commodity that, in a theory developed by Marshall Hodgson and William H. McNeill, enabled the centralization of central Asian empires like the Ottoman and Safavid.

ANSWER: gunpowder [or black powder; accept gunpowder empires; prompt on powder]

[10e] While it is not considered a gunpowder empire, this dynasty found many different uses for it, like the paper-plane-like “divine crow” as detailed in the Huǒlóngjīng. The introduction of muskets was inadequate to prevent this dynasty from being conquered by the Manchu Qīng Dynasty.

ANSWER: Míng Dynasty

[10h] McNeill cited the military reforms of this person as those of a European gunpowder empire. This victor at the Battle of Nieuwpoort (“NEW-port”) may have organized the execution of Johan van Oldenbarnevelt during the Twelve Years’ Truce.

ANSWER: Maurice of Nassau [or Maurice, Prince of Nassau; or Maurice of Orange; or Maurice, Prince of Orange; or Maurits van Oranje; accept Maurits in place of “Maurice”; prompt on Maurice or Maurits]

<Editors, Other History>

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Summary


California	Main	Y	5	18.00	100%	80%	0%
Canada	Main	Y	6	16.67	83%	83%	0%
Florida	Main	Y	12	19.17	100%	67%	25%
Great Lakes	Main	Y	6	13.33	67%	67%	0%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	7	17.14	100%	71%	0%
Midwest	Main	Y	10	15.00	90%	50%	10%
North	Main	Y	10	17.00	100%	60%	10%
Northeast	Main	Y	5	14.00	80%	60%	0%
Overflow	Main	Y	4	17.50	100%	75%	0%
Overflow	Main	Y	1	20.00	100%	100%	0%
Pacific Northwest	Main	Y	12	15.83	83%	75%	0%
South Central	Main	Y	2	15.00	100%	50%	0%
Southeast	Main	Y	12	11.67	75%	42%	0%
UK	Main	Y	4	20.00	100%	100%	0%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	8	13.75	75%	63%	0%
Upstate NY	Main	Y	8	15.00	88%	63%	0%
2025 ACF Nationals	2025-08-09	Y	1	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2024 ARCADIA at UC Berkeley	04/19/2025	Y	4	12.50	75%	50%	0%

Data


Berkeley E	Berkeley B	10	10	0	20
Berkeley F	Stanford A	10	10	0	20
Berkeley C	Stanford B	10	10	0	20
Berkeley D	Stanford C	10	10	0	20
UCSC	Berkeley A	0	10	0	10
Claremont Scripps	UCLA C	10	10	0	20
UCLA B	UCSB	10	10	0	20
UCLA D	UCSD Two Running Violet V Forms	10	10	0	20
Claremont Pitzer	UCSD Vices and Virtues	0	0	0	0
UCLA A	UCSD What Hath God Wrought	10	10	0	20
USC	UCI	10	10	0	20
McGill C	Toronto D	10	10	0	20
Queen's A	Guelph A	10	10	0	20
McGill A	McMaster C	10	10	10	30
Toronto F	McMaster A	0	10	0	10
Toronto C	Queen's B	10	10	0	20
Toronto A	Toronto E	10	10	10	30
Toronto H	Toronto G	0	10	0	10
Toronto I	Ottawa	0	10	0	10
McGill B	Toronto J	10	10	0	20
Carleton	Toronto K	10	10	10	30
Toronto Metropolitan	McMaster B	10	10	0	20
Western Ontario	Guelph B	0	10	0	10
Melbourne A	ERAU A	0	0	0	0
UF D	Melbourne B	10	10	0	20
UF E	UCF A	10	10	0	20
USF	FIU	10	0	0	10
FSU	ERAU B	0	10	0	10
UF A	UCF B	10	10	0	20
CWRU B	MSU B	0	10	0	10
OSU A	CWRU C	10	10	0	20
OSU B	Pitt A	10	10	0	20
OSU C	Kenyon A	10	10	0	20
OSU D	CWRU D	10	10	0	20
Pitt B	MSU A	10	10	0	20
CWRU A	Pitt C	0	10	0	10
Tennessee B	Clemson A	0	10	0	10
James Madison	Liberty C	0	10	0	10
Liberty A	Roanoke	0	10	0	10
Tennessee A	NC State	0	10	0	10
North Carolina A	South Carolina A	10	10	10	30
Virginia A	Tusculum	10	10	0	20
North Carolina C	Virginia B	10	0	0	10
North Carolina B	Virginia Tech A	10	10	0	20
Virginia Tech B	South Carolina B	10	10	0	20
Clemson B	Liberty B	0	10	0	10
George Mason A	George Washington B	10	10	0	20
Maryland D	George Washington A	10	10	0	20
Georgetown B	George Mason C	0	10	0	10
NYU A	Georgetown A	10	10	0	20
NYU B	Maryland A	10	10	10	30
Notre Dame E	Maryland B	0	10	0	10
Penn A	Johns Hopkins A	0	10	0	10
Johns Hopkins C	Penn B	10	10	0	20
Catholic University	UMBC A	10	10	0	20
VCU A	Johns Hopkins B	0	10	0	10
Columbia A	Columbia B	10	10	0	20
Lehigh A	Swarthmore A	10	10	0	20
Princeton A	Lehigh B	10	10	0	20
Rutgers B	Vassar A	0	0	0	0
Missouri B	WashU D	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU D	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU C	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU C	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU D	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU D	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU C	10	10	0	20
Missouri B	WashU C	10	10	0	20
Truman State	WashU C	10	10	0	20
Illinois A	Chicago B	10	10	0	20
Chicago C	Indiana A	10	10	0	20
Notre Dame D	Chicago D	10	10	0	20
Illinois C	Chicago A	0	10	0	10
Notre Dame B	Indiana B	10	10	0	20
Michigan C	Louisville B	0	10	0	10
Kentucky	Michigan A	10	10	0	20
Louisville A	Michigan D	10	10	0	20
Purdue A	Notre Dame A	10	0	0	10
Illinois B	Purdue B	10	10	0	20
Purdue C	Notre Dame C	0	0	0	0
UIC	Michigan B	10	10	0	20
Carleton	Iowa State	10	10	0	20
Minnesota A	Macalester B	0	10	0	10
WashU B	WashU A	10	10	0	20
William Woods	SIUE	0	10	0	10
Yale A	Amherst B	0	0	0	0
Tufts A	BC A	0	10	0	10
Bowdoin B	MIT A	0	0	0	0
Brandeis Lloyd George	Bowdoin A	10	10	0	20
Cornell-UG	Brandeis Orlando	0	10	0	10
Brandeis Wilson	Yale B	10	10	0	20
Brown A	Brandeis Clemenceau	10	10	0	20
Brown B	BU	0	10	0	10
Brown C	BC B	0	0	0	0
Harvard	MIT B	10	10	0	20
Dartmouth	Tufts B	0	10	0	10
Amherst A	Williams	10	10	0	20
British Columbia C	British Columbia A	10	10	0	20
British Columbia D	British Columbia B	10	10	0	20
Washington A	Alberta	10	10	0	20
Washington B	Simon Fraser	10	10	0	20
Rutgers C	Rowan A	0	10	0	10
Texas B	Alberta B	10	10	0	20
Ohio	Arizona State A	0	0	0	0
Iowa	Northwestern A	0	10	0	10
Northwestern C	UTD A	10	10	0	20
Arizona State B	Rose State	10	0	0	10
Texas A	UCO	10	10	0	20
Northwestern B	Tulsa	0	10	0	10
McGill D	UTD B	10	10	0	20
Georgia Tech D	Alabama A	10	10	0	20
Georgia Tech A	Auburn B	10	10	0	20
Huntsville A	Alabama B	0	10	0	10
Mississippi State A	Georgia Tech B	0	10	0	10
UAB A	Bruin A	0	0	0	0
Vanderbilt A	Sewanee A	10	10	0	20
Vanderbilt B	Huntsville B	10	10	0	20
Cambridge A	Imperial A	0	10	0	10
Binghamton B	ESF	0	0	0	0
RIT A	Binghamton A	10	10	0	20
Cornell-DII	RIT B	0	10	0	10
Syracuse	Rochester	10	10	0	20
Auburn A	Georgia Tech C	10	10	0	20