equilibrium - 2025 ACF Winter

Question

The Wardrop type of this situation is used when modeling traffic in congestion games. For 10 points each:

[10e] Name this situation. A type of this situation in which no agent can gain by unilaterally changing strategy is named for John Nash.

ANSWER: equilibrium [accept Wardrop equilibrium or Nash equilibrium]

[10h] Acemoğlu (“ah-sem-OH-gloo”) et al. used Wardrop equilibrium to analyze an informational form of this eponymous paradox, in which adding a road to a road network with a fixed number of drivers may result in longer journey times overall.

ANSWER: Braess’s (“brass’s”) paradox [accept informational Braess’s paradox]

[10m] Modeling traffic over the Soviet rail network was the original motivation for the formulation of this optimization problem, the subject of the Ford–Fulkerson algorithm. The value of solutions to this problem is equal to the capacity of the minimum cut.

ANSWER: maximum flow problem [or max-flow problem; prompt on network flow problem]

<Editors, Other Science>

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Summary


California	Main	Y	5	16.00	100%	40%	20%
Canada	Main	Y	6	15.00	100%	50%	0%
Florida	Main	Y	12	10.83	92%	17%	0%
Great Lakes	Main	Y	7	8.57	71%	14%	0%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	7	7.14	71%	0%	0%
Midwest	Main	Y	10	9.00	90%	0%	0%
North	Main	Y	11	9.09	82%	9%	0%
Northeast	Main	Y	5	10.00	100%	0%	0%
Overflow	Main	Y	4	5.00	50%	0%	0%
South Central	Main	Y	5	8.00	80%	0%	0%
Southeast	Main	Y	12	10.83	100%	8%	0%
UK	Main	Y	4	15.00	100%	50%	0%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	8	10.00	63%	25%	13%
2024 ARCADIA at UC Berkeley	04/19/2025	Y	4	10.00	75%	25%	0%

Data


Berkeley B	Berkeley C	10	0	0	10
Berkeley E	Berkeley D	10	10	10	30
Berkeley F	UCSC	10	0	0	10
Stanford A	Stanford C	10	0	10	20
Claremont Scripps	UCLA D	10	0	0	10
UCLA A	UCLA B	10	0	10	20
UCLA C	Claremont Pitzer	10	0	0	10
UCSD Two Running Violet V Forms	UCI	10	0	0	10
UCSB	UCSD Vices and Virtues	10	0	10	20
UCSD What Hath God Wrought	USC	10	0	10	20
Carleton	Guelph A	0	0	0	0
McMaster C	McGill B	10	0	0	10
Toronto H	McGill C	10	0	0	10
McMaster A	Queen's A	10	0	0	10
Ottawa	Toronto Metropolitan	10	0	0	10
Toronto A	Toronto G	10	0	10	20
Toronto B	Guelph B	10	0	0	10
Toronto J	Toronto C	10	0	0	10
Toronto D	McGill A	10	0	0	10
Toronto I	Western Ontario	10	0	0	10
McMaster B	Toronto K	10	0	0	10
Waterloo	Queen's B	10	0	10	20
Stanford B	Berkeley A	10	0	0	10
ERAU A	Melbourne B	0	0	0	0
CWRU A	Pitt A	10	0	0	10
Pitt B	Kenyon B	0	0	0	0
UF E	FIU	10	0	10	20
UF C	FSU	10	0	0	10
ERAU B	Melbourne A	0	0	0	0
UCF B	UF B	10	0	0	10
UCF A	UF A	10	0	0	10
UF D	USF	10	0	0	10
CWRU D	CWRU C	10	0	0	10
OSU D	MSU A	10	0	0	10
Pitt C	MSU B	0	0	0	0
OSU A	CWRU B	10	0	0	10
OSU C	OSU B	10	0	0	10
Clemson A	Tennessee A	10	0	0	10
Clemson B	James Madison	10	0	0	10
Liberty A	Virginia A	10	0	0	10
Liberty C	Liberty B	0	0	0	0
North Carolina A	North Carolina B	10	0	0	10
Tusculum	Roanoke	10	0	0	10
Virginia Tech A	South Carolina A	10	0	0	10
North Carolina C	South Carolina B	10	0	0	10
NC State	Tennessee B	10	0	0	10
Virginia Tech B	Virginia B	10	0	0	10
Catholic University	Notre Dame E	10	0	0	10
George Mason A	UMBC A	10	0	0	10
Maryland D	Georgetown B	10	0	0	10
George Mason B	Johns Hopkins A	0	0	0	0
Penn B	Johns Hopkins B	10	0	0	10
George Mason C	Johns Hopkins C	0	0	0	0
Maryland A	VCU A	10	0	10	20
Maryland C	NYU A	10	0	0	10
NYU B	George Washington A	10	0	0	10
Georgetown A	Penn A	10	0	0	10
Maryland B	George Washington B	10	0	0	10
Rutgers C	Columbia A	10	0	0	10
Columbia B	Columbia C	10	0	0	10
Princeton A	Lehigh A	10	0	0	10
Rutgers B	Rowan A	10	0	0	10
Swarthmore A	Vassar A	10	0	0	10
WashU C	Missouri A	10	0	0	10
SIUE	WashU D	0	0	0	0
Missouri B	WashU A	10	0	0	10
William Woods	WashU B	0	0	0	0
Macalester A	Minnesota B	10	0	0	10
Macalester B	Wisconsin	10	0	0	10
Minnesota C	Minnesota A	10	0	0	10
Iowa State	Nebraska	10	0	0	10
St. Thomas	Carleton	0	0	0	0
Dartmouth	Amherst A	10	0	0	10
Brown B	BC A	10	0	0	10
BC B	Yale B	10	0	0	10
BU	Brandeis Clemenceau	10	0	0	10
Amherst B	Bowdoin B	10	0	0	10
Brandeis Wilson	Brandeis Lloyd George	10	0	0	10
Cornell-UG	Brown A	10	0	10	20
MIT B	Brown C	10	0	0	10
Yale A	MIT A	10	0	0	10
Tufts A	Brandeis Orlando	10	0	0	10
Bowdoin A	Tufts B	10	0	0	10
Williams	Harvard	10	0	0	10
British Columbia D	Alberta	10	0	10	20
Simon Fraser	British Columbia A	10	0	10	20
Washington A	British Columbia B	10	0	0	10
Washington B	British Columbia C	10	0	0	10
Arizona State A	Alberta B	10	0	10	20
Iowa	McGill D	0	0	0	0
UTD B	Northwestern A	0	0	0	0
Northwestern C	Northwestern B	10	0	0	10
Texas B	Ohio	10	10	0	20
Tulsa	UTD A	10	0	0	10
Rose State	UCO	0	0	0	0
RIT A	Cornell-DII	10	0	0	10
Syracuse	ESF	0	0	0	0
RIT B	Binghamton A	10	0	10	20
Rochester	Binghamton B	10	0	0	10
Texas A	Arizona State B	10	0	10	20