Plant strains are subjected to mutagenesis, propagated into M2 families, and have their DNA isolated for this technique during a TILLING protocol. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this technique that amplifies DNA strands using denaturing, annealing, and extending steps.
ANSWER: PCR [or polymerase chain reaction]
[10h] In the PCR step of TILLING, mutant DNA anneals to wild-type DNA to form these structures that Cel1 endonucleases can cleave at. This kind of DNA is formed from single strands that originate from different sources.
ANSWER: heteroduplex DNA [prompt on duplex DNA or double-stranded DNA]
[10m] Only plant lines exhibiting this quality can be used during TILLING. Organisms exhibiting this quality and low fitness typically display a high frequency of deleterious homozygous alleles in their genome.
ANSWER: inbred [accept being formed from inbreeding or incest or consanguineous mating or full-sib mating; accept backcrossed or backcrossing; accept self-fertilized or self-pollinated; reject “crossbred” or “outbred” or “interbred”]
<Kane Nguyen, Biology>