The value of delta-O-18 measured in foraminifera (“for-uh-min-NIF-er-uh”) and these organisms’ coenosteum (“see-NESS-tee-um”) can (-5[1])extrapolate historical temperatures. Some of these organisms called Scleractinia (10[2]-5[1])(“sclair-ac-TIN-ee-uh”) form tree-like (-5[1])growth rings (10[1])of aragonite. (-5[1])The fact that these organisms flourish in nutrient-poor (-5[2])environments (10[2]-5[1])is called (10[1]-5[3])Darwin’s (-5[1])paradox. (10[1]-5[3])Ecosystems centered (10[2]-5[2])on these organisms (-5[2])have (10[1]-5[1])“platform” (10[1]-5[1])and “fringing” (10[1])types. (10[7]-5[5])Rising temperatures (10[4])cause (10[4])symbiotic (10[11]-5[2])zooxanthellae (10[13]-5[3])(“zoh-uh-zan-THELL-eye”) to be expelled (10[2])by (10[1])these (10[4])cnidarians (10[4]-5[1])(“nigh-DARE-ee-ins”), turning them (-5[1])white. (10[10]-5[1])These (10[1])organisms (10[7]-5[2])absorb (10[3])less calcium (10[8]-5[1])carbonate (10[2])into their skeletons when the ocean (10[1])is (10[1])acidic. (10[4])For (10[2])10 (10[1])points, a quarter (10[1])of the world’s marine life (10[1]-5[1])is (10[1])hosted by what organisms’ (10[1])reefs? (10[5])■END■ (10[17])