clouds - 2025 ACF Fall - Buzzpoints App

Question

These objects drive the L/T transition in brown dwarfs, since they sink below the photosphere at temperatures below 1700 Kelvin. For 10 points each:

[10m] Name these objects whose formation in supersaturated environments is described by Köhler (“KOOL-er”) theory. On Earth, silver iodide can be used to “seed” these objects.

ANSWER: clouds [accept cloud seeding]

[10e] Köhler theory predicts that clouds form when the relative form of this quantity is greater than 100 percent. This quantity is the concentration of water vapor in air.

ANSWER: humidity [accept relative humidity]

[10h] When air is supersaturated, clouds can form via the heterogeneous form of this process, in which water vapor condenses onto CCNs like salt crystals and aerosols.

ANSWER: nucleation [accept heterogeneous nucleation]

<Editors, Other Science>

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Summary


Southern California	Main	Y	7	17.14	100%	71%	0%
Eastern Canada (2)	Main	Y	9	14.44	89%	56%	0%
Great Lakes	Main	Y	11	17.27	91%	64%	18%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	6	15.00	83%	67%	0%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	12	16.67	100%	58%	8%
Midwest	Main	Y	8	21.25	100%	63%	50%
Northeast	Main	Y	12	17.50	92%	67%	17%
Pacific	Main	Y	9	11.11	100%	11%	0%
Southeast	Main	Y	12	17.50	100%	75%	0%
UK (North)	UK	Y	5	18.00	100%	60%	20%
UK (South)	UK	Y	8	16.25	100%	50%	13%
Upstate NY	Main	Y	5	18.00	80%	100%	0%

Data


Claremont B	UCSD A	10	10	0	20
UC Santa Barbara	Claremont A	0	10	0	10
UCLA A	UCLA F	10	10	0	20
UCLA D	UCLA C	10	10	0	20
Claremont C	UCLA E	0	10	0	10
UCLA B	UCSD B	10	10	0	20
UC Irvine	USC A	10	10	0	20
Guelph A	Waterloo B	0	0	0	0
McMaster A	Toronto C	10	10	0	20
Toronto D	Toronto A	10	10	0	20
Toronto B	Waterloo A	10	10	0	20
Toronto E	Waterloo C	10	10	0	20
Brock A	Toronto F	0	10	0	10
Toronto G	McMaster B	0	10	0	10
McMaster C	Toronto H	0	10	0	10
Toronto I	Queen's A	10	10	0	20
Michigan B	CWRU A	10	10	0	20
CWRU B	Michigan State A	10	10	10	30
Michigan A	Louisville A	10	10	0	20
Louisville B	Ohio State B	10	10	0	20
CWRU C	Louisville D	0	10	10	20
Michigan C	Ohio State A	10	10	0	20
Kentucky	Michigan D	0	10	0	10
CWRU D	Michigan State B	0	10	0	10
Ohio State D	Michigan State D	10	10	0	20
WVU A	Louisville C	10	10	0	20
Michigan State C	WVU B	0	0	0	0
JMU B	Tusculum A	0	10	0	10
UNC D	VCU A	10	10	0	20
Virginia Tech C	UNC B	10	10	0	20
Liberty A	William & Mary B	10	10	0	20
Rutgers B	Columbia A	0	10	0	10
George Mason A	Maryland A	10	10	0	20
Vassar A	George Mason B	10	10	0	20
NYU C	George Mason C	0	10	0	10
Penn	Johns Hopkins	10	10	0	20
Lehigh B	Princeton	0	10	0	10
Maryland C	Maryland B	10	10	0	20
Lehigh A	NYU B	0	10	0	10
NYU A	Rutgers A	10	10	0	20
Rowan	Rutgers C	10	10	0	20
Rutgers D	Stony Brook	10	10	10	30
Vassar B	Columbia B	0	10	0	10
JMU A	Duke A	10	10	0	20
William Woods University A	Chicago B	10	10	10	30
Illinois Blue	WashU Grizzlers	10	10	0	20
Illinois Canada	Illinois Urbana	0	10	0	10
Liberty B	Liberty C	0	0	0	0
Williams A	Amherst A	10	10	10	30
Williams B	Boston College A	0	10	0	10
Boston University A	Tufts B	0	10	0	10
Brandeis Mozart	Brown B	0	10	0	10
Dartmouth A	Tufts A	10	10	0	20
Dartmouth B	MIT A	10	10	10	30
Dartmouth C	MIT B	10	10	0	20
Southern Connecticut State University A	Amherst B	10	10	0	20
Boston College B	Tufts C	10	0	0	10
Brandeis Bach	Vermont A	0	10	0	10
Brown A	Vermont B	10	10	0	20
Williams C	Brandeis Beethoven	10	10	0	20
Alberta A	Washington Pink	0	10	0	10
British Columbia C	Arizona State B	0	10	0	10
Washington Sockeye	British Columbia A	0	10	0	10
British Columbia B	Washington State	0	10	0	10
Arizona State A	Texas	10	10	0	20
Washington Atlantic	Washington Masu	0	10	0	10
Washington Chinook	Alberta B	0	10	0	10
Washington Steelhead	Washington Chum	0	10	0	10
Washington Coho	Boise State	0	10	0	10
Iowa A	Illinois Champaign	0	10	0	10
Rose-Hulman A	Illinois Orange	10	10	0	20
Chicago A	Indiana A	10	10	10	30
Purdue A	Purdue B	10	10	10	30
Purdue C	WashU Grolars	0	10	10	20
Auburn A	Georgia Tech F	0	10	0	10
Emory A	Georgia Tech B	10	10	0	20
Auburn B	Georgia A	10	10	0	20
Vanderbilt A	Georgia Tech A	10	10	0	20
Georgia Tech C	Alabama A	10	10	0	20
Clemson C	Georgia Tech D	0	10	0	10
Tennessee Tech	Georgia Tech E	10	10	0	20
Mississippi State A	Auburn C	10	10	0	20
Clemson B	Sewanne	10	10	0	20
Chipola College	South Carolina A	10	10	0	20
Tennessee A	Clemson A	10	10	0	20
Vanderbilt C	Vanderbilt B	0	10	0	10
Durham A	Durham C	0	10	0	10
Edinburgh C	Edinburgh B	0	10	0	10
Edinburgh D	Edinburgh A	10	10	0	20
Sheffield B	Sheffield A	10	10	10	30
York	Durham B	10	10	0	20
Oxford	Bristol	10	10	0	20
Cambridge A	Cambridge B	0	10	0	10
Cambridge D	Birmingham	0	10	10	20
Imperial B	Imperial A	10	10	0	20
Imperial C	Imperial D	10	10	0	20
Cambridge E	LSE	0	10	0	10
Southampton	Cardiff	10	10	0	20
Warwick	Cambridge C	0	10	0	10
RIT A	Binghamton A	10	10	0	20
Binghamton B	Cornell D	10	10	0	20
ESF	Binghamton C	10	10	0	20
Cornell C	Cornell B	10	0	0	10
Cornell A	RIT B	10	10	0	20