Nigel Fawcett noted how these objects changed shape around the 5th century BC, corroborated by a boar snout design on a coin from Messana. In 2023, Stephen DeCasien’s (“deh-SASH-un’s”) experimental archaeology team recreated the first bronze example of these objects in 1,500 years. A Dioscuri sign and a caduceus (“ca-DOO-shuss”) appear on one of these objects found at Athlit (“at-LIT”) made by lost-wax casting. A divine invocation either to Baal or to Tanit and Reshep is inscribed on one of these objects recovered from the battlesite at the (*) Aegates (“eye-GAH-teez”). At least 36 of these objects were used by Octavian to decorate his Actium victory monument. Thucydides records how at Naupactus, an Athenian vessel made a periplous (“peh-RI-ploos”) maneuver to use one of these objects to disable a Spartan rival. For 10 points, what objects were used in ancient naval warfare to pierce other ships’ hulls? ■END■
ANSWER: rams [accept embola or embolon; accept rostrum or rostra; accept beaks; accept prows or ship’s bows; prompt on ships or biremes or triremes or quinqueremes or pentekontors or other types of ships before “ships” is read by asking “what part of them?”; prompt on bows; reject “battering ram”]
<AT, Ancient History>
= Average correct buzz position