A political period sometimes named for this man followed a series of worker protests in Poznań shortly after Bolesław (“BO-luh-swaf”) Bierut’s death. For 10 points each:
[10m] . Name this Communist leader who presided over a relative cultural thaw after the Polish October.
ANSWER: Władysław Gomułka (“vwah-DISS-woff goh-MOOL-kuh”)
[10h] This security official’s defection contributed to the pressures that erupted in the Polish October. In Operation Spotlight, the CIA printed hundreds of thousands of pamphlets based on his Radio Free Europe broadcasts.
ANSWER: Józef Światło (“SKVEE-at-woh”) [or Izaak Fleischfarb]
[10e] Światło figured as a boogeyman in the 1968 Polish government campaign against this ideology. Poland’s 1968 student protests were blamed on followers of this ideology founded by Theodor Herzl.
ANSWER: Zionism [accept word forms like Zionist]
<S, European History>