The Polish church musician Wojciech (“VOY-check”) Bobowski adapted Western staff notation for this empire's music. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this empire whose classical music centered around secular vocal suites called fasıls. This empire’s mehterân bands inspired the A minor finale of Mozart’s eleventh piano sonata.
ANSWER: Ottoman Empire [or Sublime Ottoman State or Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti or Devlet-i Aliyye-i Osmâniyye; prompt on Turkey or Türkiye or Turkish Empire]
[10h] Mehterân were briefly replaced by Western-style military bands as part of an early 19th-century Westernization program spearheaded by this Italian-born composer. This composer’s Mahmudiye Marşı (“mah-MOO-dee-yeh MAR-shih”) was the Ottoman Empire’s first national anthem.
ANSWER: Giuseppe Donizetti [or Donizetti Pasha] (He was the brother of Gaetano Donizetti.)
[10m] A B-flat major Turkish march in this symphony’s variation-form finale imitates the piercing tone of the Turkish zurna by giving a piccolo the melody. Wagner described the start of this symphony’s D major finale as a “terror fanfare.”
ANSWER: Ludwig van Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 [or Beethoven’s ninth symphony; or the “Choral” Symphony] (The zurna is a high-pitched double reed instrument related to the European shawm.)
<AMS, Classical Music and Opera>