This formula can be used to evaluate the intensity at the tip of an HRR field. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this formula that computes the amount of energy released per unit increase in the area of the fracture surface. This formula assumes plastic deformation occurs at the crack tip, unlike linear elastic fracture mechanics.
ANSWER: J-integral [accept J-integral equation]
[10e] Because it assumes nonlinearity, the J-integral is more generally useful for failure analysis than an “intensity factor” named for this quantity. This quantity appears in the numerator of Young’s modulus.
ANSWER: stress [accept stress intensity factor]
[10m] Both the J-integral and stress intensity factor can be computed using packages for this method like ABAQUS. This core method of the engineer’s toolbox divides an object into a discrete mesh, and solves the physics for each component.
ANSWER: finite element analysis [or finite element method; accept FEA or FEM]
<S, Physics>