This substance lies underneath so-called false bottoms, which form through double diffusion. This substance may become trapped in pockets following its namesake rejection. It’s not related to thermodynamics, but the potential density of this substance is displayed on T-S diagrams. Deviations from this substance’s VSMOW standard are used to identify periods during which it becomes enriched with oxygen-18 due to low temperatures. This dense substance lies below Ghyben–Herzberg lenses, which share their name with an equation used to model its “intrusion.” The SMOC (“S-mock”) and AMOC (“A-mock”) drive the thermohaline circulation of this substance. Reverse osmosis is often used to purify, for 10 points, what substance that mixes with a fresh counterpart in estuaries? ■END■
| Northern California | Main | Y | 5 | 80% | 0% | 60% | 74.50 |
| Southern California | Main | Y | 6 | 83% | 0% | 83% | 94.80 |
| Eastern Canada | Main | Y | 12 | 100% | 0% | 42% | 91.08 |
| Florida | Main | Y | 6 | 100% | 0% | 17% | 97.50 |
| Great Lakes | Main | Y | 7 | 100% | 0% | 14% | 90.29 |
| Lower Mid-Atlantic | Main | Y | 10 | 80% | 0% | 50% | 98.75 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic (1) | Main | Y | 10 | 90% | 0% | 50% | 97.89 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic (2) | Main | Y | 5 | 80% | 0% | 40% | 97.50 |
| Lower Midwest | Main | Y | 4 | 100% | 0% | 25% | 81.50 |
| Lower Midwest | Main | Y | 1 | 100% | 0% | 100% | 134.00 |
| Upper Midwest | Main | Y | 12 | 100% | 0% | 67% | 95.92 |
| North | Main | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 105.00 |
| Northeast | Main | Y | 12 | 100% | 0% | 75% | 106.92 |
| Northwest | Main | Y | 4 | 75% | 0% | 25% | 69.67 |
| South Central | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 101.00 |
| Southeast | Main | Y | 8 | 75% | 0% | 50% | 98.00 |
| UK | Main | Y | 1 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 66.00 |
| Upstate NY | Main | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 33% | 103.67 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethen Sun | Toronto D | McGill C | 22 | 10 |
| Mark Tawfik | Rutgers B | Vassar A | 22 | -5 |
| Jesse Chusing | Ottawa | Toronto I | 22 | 10 |
| Gary Lin | UCSD What Hath God Wrought | UCLA A | 26 | 10 |
| Thomas Wu | Berkeley E | Berkeley B | 27 | 10 |
| Michał Gerasimiuk | Stanford A | Berkeley F | 27 | -5 |
| Surya Dinesh | MIT A | Bowdoin B | 36 | -5 |
| Kevin Ye | Simon Fraser | Washington B | 38 | 10 |
| June Yin | WashU A | WashU B | 39 | 10 |
| Annika Larson | Claremont Scripps | UCLA C | 39 | -5 |
| Arthur Zhang | Purdue B | Illinois B | 43 | 10 |
| Alex Akridge | Indiana A | Chicago C | 45 | 10 |
| Cole Hartung | Georgetown A | NYU A | 49 | -5 |
| Brendan Bridle | Queen's A | Guelph A | 57 | -5 |
| Sri Lnu | Clemson B | Liberty B | 57 | -5 |
| Russell Nip | British Columbia D | British Columbia B | 57 | -5 |
| David Yuan | Berkeley A | UCSC | 57 | 10 |
| Rohan Ganeshan | Harvard | MIT B | 57 | -5 |
| Benjamin Chapman | Toronto A | Toronto E | 58 | -5 |
| Sam Hewitt | WashU C | Missouri B | 58 | -5 |
| Frank Schuster | MSU A | Pitt B | 60 | 10 |
| Aaryan Sumesh | Berkeley D | Stanford C | 60 | -5 |
| Olin Bose | Columbia A | Columbia B | 61 | -5 |
| Joshua Koch | Michigan A | Kentucky | 61 | -5 |
| Advai Srinivasan | UCI | USC | 61 | -5 |
| Xavier Bornhorst | Maryland B | Notre Dame E | 61 | -5 |
| Tianyu Xu | Georgia Tech A | Auburn B | 61 | -5 |
| Allan Lee | Stanford B | Berkeley C | 61 | -5 |
| Kaiwen Xiao | UCLA B | UCSB | 61 | -5 |
| Anirudh Bharadwaj | Penn A | Johns Hopkins A | 61 | -5 |
| Eames Weeks | Brown B | BU | 61 | -5 |
| Felix Garrett Johnston | Huntsville A | Alabama B | 61 | -5 |
| Erin Williams | James Madison | Liberty C | 62 | -5 |
| Jackson Crickard | Claremont Pitzer | UCSD Vices and Virtues | 64 | -5 |
| Alan Li | Cornell-UG | Brandeis Orlando | 64 | -5 |
| Matthew Bucek | George Mason A | George Washington B | 65 | 10 |
| S. A. Shenoy | Georgia Tech B | Mississippi State A | 65 | -5 |
| Alina Moore | Tennessee B | Clemson A | 66 | -5 |
| Alvin Guo | Chicago A | Illinois C | 66 | -5 |
| Agnijo Banerjee | Cambridge A | Imperial A | 66 | 10 |
| Krishay Garg | UCLA D | UCSD Two Running Violet V Forms | 66 | -5 |
| Anthony Xu | Amherst A | Williams | 67 | -5 |
| Matthew He | Texas A | UCO | 70 | -5 |
| Raifton Bartling | Johns Hopkins C | Penn B | 75 | -5 |
| Kapil Nathan | UAB A | Bruin A | 80 | -5 |
| Sarah Dong | Michigan C | Louisville B | 81 | -5 |
| Travis Johnson | Pitt A | OSU B | 81 | 10 |
| Joseph Cole | North Carolina B | Virginia Tech A | 82 | 10 |
| Snehan Saroch | Louisville A | Michigan D | 82 | -5 |
| Jim Fan | North Carolina A | South Carolina A | 82 | -5 |
| Bryan Ugaz | Arizona State A | Ohio | 82 | -5 |
| Akshansh Chauhan | UTD A | Northwestern C | 82 | -5 |
| Kevin Wang | British Columbia C | British Columbia A | 83 | 10 |
| Joseph Chambers | Virginia A | Tusculum | 84 | 10 |
| Donal Ryan | Truman State | WashU C | 87 | 10 |
| James Wadsley | McGill D | UTD B | 87 | 10 |
| Ella Ridgway | BC A | Tufts A | 87 | -5 |
| Pace Klein | CWRU A | Pitt C | 88 | 10 |
| Roman Bassett | UF A | UCF B | 88 | 10 |
| Alex Dzurick | William Woods | SIUE | 88 | 10 |
| Shardul Parthasarathy | Illinois A | Chicago B | 88 | 10 |
| Ian Chow | Washington A | Alberta | 88 | 10 |
| Simon Choist | Queen's B | Toronto C | 91 | -5 |
| William Groger | Princeton A | Lehigh B | 91 | 10 |
| Tommy Donelon | Missouri B | WashU D | 91 | -5 |
| Drew Wetterlind | Iowa State | Carleton | 91 | -5 |
| Stephen Walsh | Northwestern B | Tulsa | 91 | 10 |
| Amir Dolansky | Toronto H | Toronto G | 91 | 10 |
| Nicholas Nguyen | UF E | UCF A | 91 | 10 |
| Aditya Patnaik | OSU C | Kenyon A | 91 | -5 |
| Ian Parsons | Maryland D | George Washington A | 91 | 10 |
| Andy Yu | Maryland A | NYU B | 91 | 10 |
| Beckett Pursey | Purdue A | Notre Dame A | 91 | -5 |
| Shreyas Sinha | Texas B | Alberta B | 91 | 10 |
| Owen Ashbrook | Iowa | Northwestern A | 91 | 10 |
| Samir Sarma | Georgia Tech D | Alabama A | 91 | 10 |
| Cade Reinberger | RIT B | Cornell-DII | 91 | 10 |
| Sam Kemeny | Brandeis Clemenceau | Brown A | 91 | 10 |
| Galen Mueller | McGill A | McMaster C | 92 | -5 |
| Dillon George | Catholic University | UMBC A | 92 | 10 |
| Seth Allen | McMaster A | Toronto F | 93 | 10 |
| Roxanne Tang | OSU A | CWRU C | 93 | 10 |
| Kevin Cronk | Virginia Tech B | South Carolina B | 93 | 10 |
| Patrick Boyle | Notre Dame B | Indiana B | 93 | 10 |
| Dustin Sanders | Chicago D | Notre Dame D | 93 | -5 |
| Monish Jampala | Georgia Tech C | Auburn A | 93 | 10 |
| Darren Kellis | Vanderbilt B | Huntsville B | 93 | 10 |
| Denali Tran-Le | McGill B | Toronto J | 95 | 10 |
| Derrick Liu | Johns Hopkins B | VCU A | 95 | 10 |
| Vikram Rajmohan | Amherst B | Yale A | 95 | -5 |
| Aaron Velez | Yale B | Brandeis Wilson | 95 | 10 |
| Wyatt Johnson | CWRU B | MSU B | 97 | 10 |
| Owen Steele | Swarthmore A | Lehigh A | 98 | 10 |
| Rahul Rao-Pothuraju | Rowan A | Rutgers C | 98 | 10 |
| Puna Ekka | Minnesota A | Macalester B | 98 | 10 |
| Luke Houtz | Arizona State B | Rose State | 98 | -5 |
| Sean Gao | Toronto K | Carleton | 98 | -5 |
| Adithya Parat | McMaster B | Toronto Metropolitan | 98 | 10 |
| Gavin Littrell | ERAU A | Melbourne A | 98 | 10 |
| Juan Landaeta | FSU | ERAU B | 98 | 10 |
| Addison Wiggins | USF | FIU | 98 | 10 |
| Josh Schmidt | Liberty A | Roanoke | 98 | 10 |
| Jack O'Brien | Georgetown B | George Mason C | 98 | -5 |
| Kennedy Gallaher | Notre Dame C | Purdue C | 98 | -5 |
| Ethan Enochian | Purdue C | Notre Dame C | 98 | 10 |
| Andrew Miller | Binghamton A | RIT A | 98 | -5 |
| Elliott Gomes | Dartmouth | Tufts B | 98 | -5 |
| Truman Hill | Vanderbilt A | Sewanee A | 98 | 10 |
| Abbott Sherwin | NC State | Tennessee A | 100 | 10 |
| Michael Sun | Brandeis Lloyd George | Bowdoin A | 100 | -5 |
| Peter Zeng | OSU D | CWRU D | 101 | 10 |
| Alex Brown | UIC | Michigan B | 101 | -5 |
| Ryan Lee | Brown C | BC B | 101 | 10 |
| Andrew Pham | MIT B | Harvard | 101 | 10 |
| Vinu Harihar | Berkeley F | Stanford A | 102 | 10 |
| Aidan Bernardo | Melbourne B | UF D | 102 | -5 |
| Vedh Ramesh | Penn B | Johns Hopkins C | 102 | 0 |
| Virginia Stewart | Alabama B | Huntsville A | 102 | 10 |
| Emily Snider | Liberty B | Clemson B | 103 | 0 |
| Deeba Lealaz | Virginia B | North Carolina C | 103 | -5 |
| Ezra Siegartel | Vassar A | Rutgers B | 103 | 10 |
| Aidan Keenan | Rochester | Syracuse | 108 | 10 |
| Justine Hopkins | Liberty C | James Madison | 109 | 10 |
| Max Kolda | Notre Dame E | Maryland B | 111 | 10 |
| Denis Liu | Stanford C | Berkeley D | 111 | 0 |
| John Cha | Tufts A | BC A | 111 | 10 |
| Jack Lewis | Bruin A | UAB A | 111 | 10 |
| Eva Mandelbaum | Guelph A | Queen's A | 112 | 10 |
| Carter Yott | McMaster C | McGill A | 112 | 10 |
| Franklin Wu | Toronto C | Queen's B | 112 | 10 |
| Sam Kung | North Carolina C | Virginia B | 112 | 10 |
| Patrick Rivas-Giorgi | Columbia B | Columbia A | 112 | 0 |
| Theodor Martin | WashU D | Missouri B | 112 | 10 |
| Nathan Woolery | Louisville B | Michigan C | 112 | 10 |
| Olivia Kiser | Kentucky | Michigan A | 112 | 10 |
| Grant Koh | Michigan D | Louisville A | 112 | 10 |
| Aaron Marchand | Carleton | Iowa State | 112 | 10 |
| Max Mao | British Columbia B | British Columbia D | 112 | 0 |
| Cassidy McIntyre | Rose State | Arizona State B | 112 | 10 |
| Brody Sadler | UCO | Texas A | 112 | 10 |
| Aarav Kakad | UCLA C | Claremont Scripps | 112 | 10 |
| Karthik Krishnamurthy | USC | UCI | 112 | 10 |
| James Xiao | Toronto E | Toronto A | 112 | 10 |
| Kevin Le | Carleton | Toronto K | 112 | 10 |
| William Schwartz | Guelph B | Western Ontario | 112 | 10 |
| Emmanuel Alayande | UF D | Melbourne B | 112 | 10 |
| Graham Price | Kenyon A | OSU C | 112 | 10 |
| Caleb Slusher | South Carolina A | North Carolina A | 112 | 10 |
| Abbi Tesreau | George Mason C | Georgetown B | 112 | 10 |
| Jacob Hardin-Bernhardt | NYU A | Georgetown A | 112 | 10 |
| Emily Hackwelder | Notre Dame D | Chicago D | 112 | 10 |
| Raymond Jiang | Illinois C | Chicago A | 112 | 10 |
| Jonah Hubert | Notre Dame A | Purdue A | 112 | 10 |
| Aryan Desarapu | Michigan B | UIC | 112 | 10 |
| Young Fenimore Lee | Ohio | Arizona State A | 112 | 10 |
| Matthew Vidal | Northwestern C | UTD A | 112 | 10 |
| TJ Pickering | Auburn B | Georgia Tech A | 112 | 0 |
| Will Hoover | RIT A | Binghamton A | 112 | 10 |
| Swapnil Garg | Berkeley C | Stanford B | 112 | 10 |
| Ashlee Bacconi | UCSB | UCLA B | 112 | 0 |
| Fish Tsai | UCSD Two Running Violet V Forms | UCLA D | 112 | 10 |
| Sumukh Murthy | UCSD Vices and Virtues | Claremont Pitzer | 112 | 10 |
| Kevin He | Johns Hopkins A | Penn A | 112 | 10 |
| Andrew Verdesca | Yale A | Amherst B | 112 | 10 |
| Graham Lucas | Bowdoin B | MIT A | 112 | 10 |
| Richard Lim | Bowdoin A | Brandeis Lloyd George | 112 | 10 |
| Jack Granahan | Brandeis Orlando | Cornell-UG | 112 | 10 |
| Niklas Reitsch | BU | Brown B | 112 | 10 |
| Devon Kumar | Tufts B | Dartmouth | 112 | 10 |
| Matthew Kohn | Williams | Amherst A | 112 | 10 |
| Sawyer Smith | Mississippi State A | Georgia Tech B | 112 | 0 |
| Safiya Hasan | Missouri B | WashU C | 134 | 10 |