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These structures can be accessed using microtags in implementations of “way prediction” within them. A common instance of the thundering herd problem in distributed systems is these structures’ namesake “stampede” under load. A circular doubly-linked list is often used to implement the LRU replacement policy within these structures. Conflict, compulsory, capacity, and coherence are the four primary types of “misses” in these structures. These structures lie immediately below registers in the memory hierarchy, and in modern CPUs they are divided into L1, L2, and L3 levels. For 10 points, name these structures that temporarily store data for fast access, which web browser users may frequently “clear.” ■END■
| Eastern Canada | Main | Y | 13 | 100% | 0% | 31% | 85.92 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic (1) | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 20% | 76.40 |
| Lower Midwest | Main | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 33% | 94.33 |
| Upper Midwest | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 10% | 57.40 |
| Northeast | Main | Y | 11 | 100% | 0% | 9% | 66.82 |
| South Central | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 63% | 92.50 |
| Southeast | Main | Y | 8 | 88% | 0% | 25% | 77.29 |
| UK | Main | Y | 14 | 93% | 0% | 43% | 89.23 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benjamin Chapman | Toronto A | Toronto B | 40 | -5 |
| Kevin Peng | Cornell-UG | Dartmouth | 42 | 10 |
| Aaryan Tomar | Georgia Tech B | Vanderbilt B | 42 | 10 |
| Atharv Chowdhary | Brown A | Harvard | 44 | 10 |
| Devon Kumar | Tufts B | Tufts A | 45 | 10 |
| Dennis Yang | Michigan B | Indiana B | 45 | 10 |
| Skand Parvatikar | Arizona State A | Texas A | 46 | 10 |
| Adil Soubki | Cambridge D | Southampton B | 46 | 10 |
| Grace Ma | Brown C | Brandeis Clemenceau | 47 | 10 |
| Michael Sun | Brandeis Lloyd George | Brown B | 47 | -5 |
| Nathan Sheffield | MIT A | Amherst A | 47 | 10 |
| Anirudh Bharadwaj | Penn A | George Mason A | 47 | 10 |
| Mattias Ehatamm | Maryland A | Johns Hopkins A | 47 | 10 |
| Gus Redding | Imperial B | Bristol B | 47 | -5 |
| Cranmer McGinn | McMaster C | Queen's A | 47 | -5 |
| Ezra Santos | Chicago A | Notre Dame D | 47 | 10 |
| Yash Mandavia | Illinois A | Louisville B | 47 | 10 |
| Kevin Yang | Illinois C | Louisville A | 47 | 10 |
| Peter Ballas | Michigan D | Kentucky | 47 | 10 |
| David Thomas | Purdue C | Notre Dame B | 47 | 10 |
| Zoë McGuire | Oxford B | Durham A | 47 | -5 |
| Asha Basu | McGill A | Guelph A | 49 | 10 |
| Pranav Jothi | Georgia Tech A | Georgia Tech C | 49 | 10 |
| Nicholas Enbar-Salo | Bowdoin B | BC B | 50 | 10 |
| Charlie Lowman | Imperial A | Birmingham A | 50 | -5 |
| Oliver West | Cambridge C | Lancaster A | 52 | -5 |
| Franklin Wu | Toronto C | McMaster A | 56 | 10 |
| Matthew Wozniak | Michigan C | Chicago B | 56 | 10 |
| Samir Sarma | Georgia Tech D | Vanderbilt A | 59 | -5 |
| Kai Madgwick | Manchester A | Oxford A | 59 | -5 |
| Anthony Gagliano | McGill B | Toronto K | 62 | 10 |
| Anne Fjeld | Alberta B | Northwestern A | 62 | -5 |
| Fern Fang | VCU A | George Mason B | 62 | 10 |
| Davis Johnson | Purdue B | Michigan A | 62 | -5 |
| Sean Yang | Waterloo | Guelph B | 64 | 10 |
| Alex Akridge | Indiana A | UIC | 64 | 10 |
| Omer Korkmaz | Johns Hopkins B | Maryland D | 72 | -5 |
| Eric Lipsutz | Chicago D | Notre Dame A | 72 | 10 |
| Brody Davidow | George Washington A | Catholic University | 73 | 10 |
| Leonard Castine | Penn B | Georgetown A | 77 | 10 |
| Will McCurley | Auburn A | Bruin A | 80 | 10 |
| Kelvin Ni | NYU B | Notre Dame E | 81 | 10 |
| Ben Richards | Sheffield B | City St George's A | 81 | 10 |
| James Fan | Toronto J | Toronto Metropolitan | 82 | 10 |
| Andres Cordoba | Yale B | BC A | 82 | 10 |
| Nathan Zhao | Maryland C | George Washington B | 82 | 10 |
| Akshansh Chauhan | UTD A | Iowa | 82 | 10 |
| Rayhana Amjad | Edinburgh A | LSE A | 82 | 10 |
| Braden Booth | Missouri A | SIUE | 82 | 10 |
| Abhinav Dinesh | LSE B | Manchester B | 82 | 10 |
| Kevin Liu | Maryland B | Georgetown B | 83 | 10 |
| Jason Hatfield | Huntsville B | Sewanee A | 83 | 10 |
| Swapneel Mandal | UAB A | Mississippi State A | 83 | 10 |
| Nikhil Nair | BU | MIT B | 84 | 10 |
| Spencer Thomas | Yale A | Williams | 84 | 10 |
| Joel Dicker | Southampton A | Sheffield C | 84 | 10 |
| Athan Juritsch | Toronto D | Ottawa | 85 | -5 |
| Stuart Chandler-Baas | Carleton | Toronto H | 85 | 10 |
| Jacob Puthipiroj | Northwestern A | Alberta B | 85 | 10 |
| Hiten Umarnani | Imperial C | Durham B | 85 | 10 |
| Adithya Parat | McMaster B | Queen's B | 85 | 10 |
| Aisling Skeet | Durham A | Oxford B | 85 | 10 |
| Camden Walker | WashU B | Truman State | 95 | 10 |
| Kevin Flanagan | Bristol A | Warwick B | 95 | 10 |
| Alex Hayes | Warwick A | Sheffield A | 96 | -5 |
| Siddhant Kumar | Edinburgh B | Cambridge A | 97 | 10 |
| Cameron Liu | Toronto I | McGill C | 98 | -5 |
| Young Fenimore Lee | Ohio | Arizona State B | 98 | -5 |
| Devito Stevanus | McGill D | Texas B | 98 | -5 |
| Amiya Zope | UTD B | Tulsa | 98 | -5 |
| Jarman Taylor | Johns Hopkins C | UMBC A | 98 | -5 |
| Mitchell Hacket | UCO | Northwestern B | 98 | -5 |
| Davin Sivertson | Alabama B | Alabama A | 98 | 10 |
| Coy Mier | Auburn B | Huntsville A | 98 | -5 |
| Alex Dzurick | William Woods | WashU D | 98 | -5 |
| Yashwanth Bajji | Michigan A | Purdue B | 102 | 10 |
| James Xiao | Toronto E | Western Ontario | 104 | 10 |
| Jisoo Yoo | Texas B | McGill D | 104 | 10 |
| Eames Weeks | Brown B | Brandeis Lloyd George | 105 | 10 |
| Jack Granahan | Brandeis Orlando | Brandeis Wilson | 105 | 10 |
| Jarrod Curl | Tulsa | UTD B | 105 | 10 |
| Eveline Ong | Oxford A | Manchester A | 105 | 10 |
| Jesse Chusing | Ottawa | Toronto D | 106 | 10 |
| Platon Gorokhov | Toronto F | Toronto G | 106 | 10 |
| Larry Sun | McGill C | Toronto I | 106 | 10 |
| Ruby Xia | Arizona State B | Ohio | 106 | 10 |
| Jeremy Mau | Northwestern C | Rose State | 106 | 0 |
| Cassidy McIntyre | Rose State | Northwestern C | 106 | 10 |
| Asher Lyons | Maryland D | Johns Hopkins B | 106 | 10 |
| Sayan Chandaroy | UMBC A | Johns Hopkins C | 106 | 10 |
| Aditya Rajesh | Northwestern B | UCO | 106 | 10 |
| Kad Daniels | Huntsville A | Auburn B | 106 | 0 |
| Gavin Markoff | Vanderbilt A | Georgia Tech D | 106 | 10 |
| Jake Wingfield | Bristol B | Imperial B | 106 | 0 |
| Zhangir Satzhanov | Birmingham A | Imperial A | 106 | 10 |
| Ian Theysmeyer | Queen's A | McMaster C | 106 | 10 |
| Jason Zhang | Toronto B | Toronto A | 106 | 10 |
| Theodor Martin | WashU D | William Woods | 106 | 10 |
| Eoin Neale | Lancaster A | Cambridge C | 106 | 10 |
| Abdelrahman Elsisi | Sheffield A | Warwick A | 106 | 10 |