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These structures can be accessed using microtags in implementations of “way prediction” within them. A common instance of the thundering herd problem in distributed systems is these structures’ namesake “stampede” under load. A circular doubly-linked list is often used to implement the LRU replacement policy within these structures. Conflict, compulsory, capacity, and coherence are the four primary types of “misses” in these structures. These structures lie immediately below registers in the memory hierarchy, and in modern CPUs they are divided into L1, L2, and L3 levels. For 10 points, name these structures that temporarily store data for fast access, which web browser users may frequently “clear.” ■END■
| Eastern Canada | Main | Y | 13 | 100% | 0% | 31% | 85.92 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic (1) | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 20% | 76.40 |
| Lower Midwest | Main | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 33% | 94.33 |
| Upper Midwest | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 10% | 57.40 |
| Northeast | Main | Y | 11 | 100% | 0% | 9% | 66.82 |
| South Central | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 63% | 92.50 |
| Southeast | Main | Y | 8 | 88% | 0% | 25% | 77.29 |
| UK | Main | Y | 14 | 93% | 0% | 43% | 89.23 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benjamin Chapman | Toronto A | Toronto B | 40 | -5 |
| Kevin Peng | Cornell-UG | Dartmouth | 42 | 10 |
| Aaryan Tomar | Georgia Tech B | Vanderbilt B | 42 | 10 |
| Atharv Chowdhary | Brown A | Harvard | 44 | 10 |
| Devon Kumar | Tufts B | Tufts A | 45 | 10 |
| Dennis Yang | Michigan B | Indiana B | 45 | 10 |
| Skand Parvatikar | Arizona State A | Texas A | 46 | 10 |
| Adil Soubki | Cambridge D | Southampton B | 46 | 10 |
| Mattias Ehatamm | Maryland A | Johns Hopkins A | 47 | 10 |
| Cranmer McGinn | McMaster C | Queen's A | 47 | -5 |
| Anirudh Bharadwaj | Penn A | George Mason A | 47 | 10 |
| Ezra Santos | Chicago A | Notre Dame D | 47 | 10 |
| Peter Ballas | Michigan D | Kentucky | 47 | 10 |
| David Thomas | Purdue C | Notre Dame B | 47 | 10 |
| Nathan Sheffield | MIT A | Amherst A | 47 | 10 |
| Yash Mandavia | Illinois A | Louisville B | 47 | 10 |
| Kevin Yang | Illinois C | Louisville A | 47 | 10 |
| Grace Ma | Brown C | Brandeis Clemenceau | 47 | 10 |
| Michael Sun | Brandeis Lloyd George | Brown B | 47 | -5 |
| Gus Redding | Imperial B | Bristol B | 47 | -5 |
| Zoë McGuire | Oxford B | Durham A | 47 | -5 |
| Asha Basu | McGill A | Guelph A | 49 | 10 |
| Pranav Jothi | Georgia Tech A | Georgia Tech C | 49 | 10 |
| Nicholas Enbar-Salo | Bowdoin B | BC B | 50 | 10 |
| Charlie Lowman | Imperial A | Birmingham A | 50 | -5 |
| Oliver West | Cambridge C | Lancaster A | 52 | -5 |
| Franklin Wu | Toronto C | McMaster A | 56 | 10 |
| Matthew Wozniak | Michigan C | Chicago B | 56 | 10 |
| Samir Sarma | Georgia Tech D | Vanderbilt A | 59 | -5 |
| Kai Madgwick | Manchester A | Oxford A | 59 | -5 |
| Fern Fang | VCU A | George Mason B | 62 | 10 |
| Anne Fjeld | Alberta B | Northwestern A | 62 | -5 |
| Davis Johnson | Purdue B | Michigan A | 62 | -5 |
| Anthony Gagliano | McGill B | Toronto K | 62 | 10 |
| Sean Yang | Waterloo | Guelph B | 64 | 10 |
| Alex Akridge | Indiana A | UIC | 64 | 10 |
| Omer Korkmaz | Johns Hopkins B | Maryland D | 72 | -5 |
| Eric Lipsutz | Chicago D | Notre Dame A | 72 | 10 |
| Brody Davidow | George Washington A | Catholic University | 73 | 10 |
| Leonard Castine | Penn B | Georgetown A | 77 | 10 |
| Will McCurley | Auburn A | Bruin A | 80 | 10 |
| Kelvin Ni | NYU B | Notre Dame E | 81 | 10 |
| Ben Richards | Sheffield B | City St George's A | 81 | 10 |
| Nathan Zhao | Maryland C | George Washington B | 82 | 10 |
| Braden Booth | Missouri A | SIUE | 82 | 10 |
| Andres Cordoba | Yale B | BC A | 82 | 10 |
| Akshansh Chauhan | UTD A | Iowa | 82 | 10 |
| James Fan | Toronto J | Toronto Metropolitan | 82 | 10 |
| Rayhana Amjad | Edinburgh A | LSE A | 82 | 10 |
| Abhinav Dinesh | LSE B | Manchester B | 82 | 10 |
| Kevin Liu | Maryland B | Georgetown B | 83 | 10 |
| Jason Hatfield | Huntsville B | Sewanee A | 83 | 10 |
| Swapneel Mandal | UAB A | Mississippi State A | 83 | 10 |
| Spencer Thomas | Yale A | Williams | 84 | 10 |
| Nikhil Nair | BU | MIT B | 84 | 10 |
| Joel Dicker | Southampton A | Sheffield C | 84 | 10 |
| Jacob Puthipiroj | Northwestern A | Alberta B | 85 | 10 |
| Adithya Parat | McMaster B | Queen's B | 85 | 10 |
| Athan Juritsch | Toronto D | Ottawa | 85 | -5 |
| Stuart Chandler-Baas | Carleton | Toronto H | 85 | 10 |
| Hiten Umarnani | Imperial C | Durham B | 85 | 10 |
| Aisling Skeet | Durham A | Oxford B | 85 | 10 |
| Camden Walker | WashU B | Truman State | 95 | 10 |
| Kevin Flanagan | Bristol A | Warwick B | 95 | 10 |
| Alex Hayes | Warwick A | Sheffield A | 96 | -5 |
| Siddhant Kumar | Edinburgh B | Cambridge A | 97 | 10 |
| Jarman Taylor | Johns Hopkins C | UMBC A | 98 | -5 |
| Alex Dzurick | William Woods | WashU D | 98 | -5 |
| Young Fenimore Lee | Ohio | Arizona State B | 98 | -5 |
| Mitchell Hacket | UCO | Northwestern B | 98 | -5 |
| Davin Sivertson | Alabama B | Alabama A | 98 | 10 |
| Coy Mier | Auburn B | Huntsville A | 98 | -5 |
| Devito Stevanus | McGill D | Texas B | 98 | -5 |
| Amiya Zope | UTD B | Tulsa | 98 | -5 |
| Cameron Liu | Toronto I | McGill C | 98 | -5 |
| Yashwanth Bajji | Michigan A | Purdue B | 102 | 10 |
| Jisoo Yoo | Texas B | McGill D | 104 | 10 |
| James Xiao | Toronto E | Western Ontario | 104 | 10 |
| Jarrod Curl | Tulsa | UTD B | 105 | 10 |
| Eames Weeks | Brown B | Brandeis Lloyd George | 105 | 10 |
| Jack Granahan | Brandeis Orlando | Brandeis Wilson | 105 | 10 |
| Eveline Ong | Oxford A | Manchester A | 105 | 10 |
| Asher Lyons | Maryland D | Johns Hopkins B | 106 | 10 |
| Sayan Chandaroy | UMBC A | Johns Hopkins C | 106 | 10 |
| Theodor Martin | WashU D | William Woods | 106 | 10 |
| Ruby Xia | Arizona State B | Ohio | 106 | 10 |
| Aditya Rajesh | Northwestern B | UCO | 106 | 10 |
| Kad Daniels | Huntsville A | Auburn B | 106 | 0 |
| Ian Theysmeyer | Queen's A | McMaster C | 106 | 10 |
| Jason Zhang | Toronto B | Toronto A | 106 | 10 |
| Jeremy Mau | Northwestern C | Rose State | 106 | 0 |
| Cassidy McIntyre | Rose State | Northwestern C | 106 | 10 |
| Gavin Markoff | Vanderbilt A | Georgia Tech D | 106 | 10 |
| Jesse Chusing | Ottawa | Toronto D | 106 | 10 |
| Platon Gorokhov | Toronto F | Toronto G | 106 | 10 |
| Larry Sun | McGill C | Toronto I | 106 | 10 |
| Jake Wingfield | Bristol B | Imperial B | 106 | 0 |
| Zhangir Satzhanov | Birmingham A | Imperial A | 106 | 10 |
| Eoin Neale | Lancaster A | Cambridge C | 106 | 10 |
| Abdelrahman Elsisi | Sheffield A | Warwick A | 106 | 10 |