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These structures can be accessed using microtags in implementations of “way prediction” within them. A common instance of the thundering herd problem in distributed systems is these structures’ namesake “stampede” under load. A circular doubly-linked list is often used to implement the LRU replacement policy within these structures. Conflict, compulsory, capacity, and coherence are the four primary types of “misses” in these structures. These structures lie immediately below registers in the memory hierarchy, and in modern CPUs they are divided into L1, L2, and L3 levels. For 10 points, name these structures that temporarily store data for fast access, which web browser users may frequently “clear.” ■END■
| Eastern Canada | Main | Y | 13 | 100% | 0% | 31% | 85.92 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic (1) | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 20% | 76.40 |
| Lower Midwest | Main | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 33% | 94.33 |
| Upper Midwest | Main | Y | 10 | 100% | 0% | 10% | 57.40 |
| Northeast | Main | Y | 11 | 100% | 0% | 9% | 66.82 |
| South Central | Main | Y | 8 | 100% | 0% | 63% | 92.50 |
| Southeast | Main | Y | 8 | 88% | 0% | 25% | 77.29 |
| UK | Main | Y | 14 | 93% | 0% | 43% | 89.23 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benjamin Chapman | Toronto A | Toronto B | 40 | -5 |
| Kevin Peng | Cornell-UG | Dartmouth | 42 | 10 |
| Aaryan Tomar | Georgia Tech B | Vanderbilt B | 42 | 10 |
| Atharv Chowdhary | Brown A | Harvard | 44 | 10 |
| Dennis Yang | Michigan B | Indiana B | 45 | 10 |
| Devon Kumar | Tufts B | Tufts A | 45 | 10 |
| Adil Soubki | Cambridge D | Southampton B | 46 | 10 |
| Skand Parvatikar | Arizona State A | Texas A | 46 | 10 |
| Cranmer McGinn | McMaster C | Queen's A | 47 | -5 |
| Peter Ballas | Michigan D | Kentucky | 47 | 10 |
| David Thomas | Purdue C | Notre Dame B | 47 | 10 |
| Anirudh Bharadwaj | Penn A | George Mason A | 47 | 10 |
| Mattias Ehatamm | Maryland A | Johns Hopkins A | 47 | 10 |
| Ezra Santos | Chicago A | Notre Dame D | 47 | 10 |
| Yash Mandavia | Illinois A | Louisville B | 47 | 10 |
| Kevin Yang | Illinois C | Louisville A | 47 | 10 |
| Grace Ma | Brown C | Brandeis Clemenceau | 47 | 10 |
| Michael Sun | Brandeis Lloyd George | Brown B | 47 | -5 |
| Nathan Sheffield | MIT A | Amherst A | 47 | 10 |
| Gus Redding | Imperial B | Bristol B | 47 | -5 |
| Zoë McGuire | Oxford B | Durham A | 47 | -5 |
| Asha Basu | McGill A | Guelph A | 49 | 10 |
| Pranav Jothi | Georgia Tech A | Georgia Tech C | 49 | 10 |
| Charlie Lowman | Imperial A | Birmingham A | 50 | -5 |
| Nicholas Enbar-Salo | Bowdoin B | BC B | 50 | 10 |
| Oliver West | Cambridge C | Lancaster A | 52 | -5 |
| Franklin Wu | Toronto C | McMaster A | 56 | 10 |
| Matthew Wozniak | Michigan C | Chicago B | 56 | 10 |
| Samir Sarma | Georgia Tech D | Vanderbilt A | 59 | -5 |
| Kai Madgwick | Manchester A | Oxford A | 59 | -5 |
| Davis Johnson | Purdue B | Michigan A | 62 | -5 |
| Anthony Gagliano | McGill B | Toronto K | 62 | 10 |
| Fern Fang | VCU A | George Mason B | 62 | 10 |
| Anne Fjeld | Alberta B | Northwestern A | 62 | -5 |
| Sean Yang | Waterloo | Guelph B | 64 | 10 |
| Alex Akridge | Indiana A | UIC | 64 | 10 |
| Omer Korkmaz | Johns Hopkins B | Maryland D | 72 | -5 |
| Eric Lipsutz | Chicago D | Notre Dame A | 72 | 10 |
| Brody Davidow | George Washington A | Catholic University | 73 | 10 |
| Leonard Castine | Penn B | Georgetown A | 77 | 10 |
| Will McCurley | Auburn A | Bruin A | 80 | 10 |
| Kelvin Ni | NYU B | Notre Dame E | 81 | 10 |
| Ben Richards | Sheffield B | City St George's A | 81 | 10 |
| Akshansh Chauhan | UTD A | Iowa | 82 | 10 |
| Rayhana Amjad | Edinburgh A | LSE A | 82 | 10 |
| James Fan | Toronto J | Toronto Metropolitan | 82 | 10 |
| Nathan Zhao | Maryland C | George Washington B | 82 | 10 |
| Braden Booth | Missouri A | SIUE | 82 | 10 |
| Andres Cordoba | Yale B | BC A | 82 | 10 |
| Abhinav Dinesh | LSE B | Manchester B | 82 | 10 |
| Jason Hatfield | Huntsville B | Sewanee A | 83 | 10 |
| Swapneel Mandal | UAB A | Mississippi State A | 83 | 10 |
| Kevin Liu | Maryland B | Georgetown B | 83 | 10 |
| Joel Dicker | Southampton A | Sheffield C | 84 | 10 |
| Nikhil Nair | BU | MIT B | 84 | 10 |
| Spencer Thomas | Yale A | Williams | 84 | 10 |
| Adithya Parat | McMaster B | Queen's B | 85 | 10 |
| Hiten Umarnani | Imperial C | Durham B | 85 | 10 |
| Athan Juritsch | Toronto D | Ottawa | 85 | -5 |
| Stuart Chandler-Baas | Carleton | Toronto H | 85 | 10 |
| Jacob Puthipiroj | Northwestern A | Alberta B | 85 | 10 |
| Aisling Skeet | Durham A | Oxford B | 85 | 10 |
| Kevin Flanagan | Bristol A | Warwick B | 95 | 10 |
| Camden Walker | WashU B | Truman State | 95 | 10 |
| Alex Hayes | Warwick A | Sheffield A | 96 | -5 |
| Siddhant Kumar | Edinburgh B | Cambridge A | 97 | 10 |
| Mitchell Hacket | UCO | Northwestern B | 98 | -5 |
| Davin Sivertson | Alabama B | Alabama A | 98 | 10 |
| Coy Mier | Auburn B | Huntsville A | 98 | -5 |
| Devito Stevanus | McGill D | Texas B | 98 | -5 |
| Amiya Zope | UTD B | Tulsa | 98 | -5 |
| Cameron Liu | Toronto I | McGill C | 98 | -5 |
| Jarman Taylor | Johns Hopkins C | UMBC A | 98 | -5 |
| Alex Dzurick | William Woods | WashU D | 98 | -5 |
| Young Fenimore Lee | Ohio | Arizona State B | 98 | -5 |
| Yashwanth Bajji | Michigan A | Purdue B | 102 | 10 |
| Jisoo Yoo | Texas B | McGill D | 104 | 10 |
| James Xiao | Toronto E | Western Ontario | 104 | 10 |
| Jarrod Curl | Tulsa | UTD B | 105 | 10 |
| Eames Weeks | Brown B | Brandeis Lloyd George | 105 | 10 |
| Jack Granahan | Brandeis Orlando | Brandeis Wilson | 105 | 10 |
| Eveline Ong | Oxford A | Manchester A | 105 | 10 |
| Ian Theysmeyer | Queen's A | McMaster C | 106 | 10 |
| Jason Zhang | Toronto B | Toronto A | 106 | 10 |
| Aditya Rajesh | Northwestern B | UCO | 106 | 10 |
| Kad Daniels | Huntsville A | Auburn B | 106 | 0 |
| Zhangir Satzhanov | Birmingham A | Imperial A | 106 | 10 |
| Abdelrahman Elsisi | Sheffield A | Warwick A | 106 | 10 |
| Jeremy Mau | Northwestern C | Rose State | 106 | 0 |
| Cassidy McIntyre | Rose State | Northwestern C | 106 | 10 |
| Jesse Chusing | Ottawa | Toronto D | 106 | 10 |
| Platon Gorokhov | Toronto F | Toronto G | 106 | 10 |
| Larry Sun | McGill C | Toronto I | 106 | 10 |
| Asher Lyons | Maryland D | Johns Hopkins B | 106 | 10 |
| Sayan Chandaroy | UMBC A | Johns Hopkins C | 106 | 10 |
| Theodor Martin | WashU D | William Woods | 106 | 10 |
| Ruby Xia | Arizona State B | Ohio | 106 | 10 |
| Gavin Markoff | Vanderbilt A | Georgia Tech D | 106 | 10 |
| Jake Wingfield | Bristol B | Imperial B | 106 | 0 |
| Eoin Neale | Lancaster A | Cambridge C | 106 | 10 |