migration - 2025 ACF Regionals

Question

Answer the following about discoveries in ecology achieved by studying butterflies, for 10 points each.

[10e] Until recently, monarch butterflies were thought to be the insect to undergo the longest type of this process. During this process, an organism travels across long distances, usually on a seasonal basis.

ANSWER: migration [or word forms; prompt on movement or navigation] (The insect with the longest migration is now thought to be the dragonfly species Pantala flavescens.)

[10m] This type of mimicry was first observed in the butterfly genus Heliconius. This type of mimicry relies on all involved species exhibiting aposematism and being unpalatable.

ANSWER: Müllerian mimicry

[10h] A study of the Glanville fritillary butterfly in Finland’s Åland Islands is the largest ever to examine these entities, which are approximated using the source-sink model. Richard Levins coined the term for these entities, which are patches of habitat linked by migration or dispersal of individuals.

ANSWER: metapopulations [prompt on populations]

<MS, Biology>

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Summary


Florida	2025-02-01	Y	3	10.00	100%	0%	0%
Great Lakes	2025-02-01	Y	5	10.00	100%	0%	0%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	2025-02-01	Y	6	11.67	100%	17%	0%
Midwest	2025-02-01	Y	2	15.00	100%	50%	0%
North	2025-02-01	Y	3	10.00	100%	0%	0%
Northeast	2025-02-01	Y	5	14.00	100%	40%	0%
Overflow	2025-02-01	Y	5	18.00	100%	80%	0%
Pacific Northwest	2025-02-01	Y	2	15.00	100%	50%	0%
Southeast	2025-02-01	Y	4	15.00	100%	50%	0%
UK	2025-02-01	Y	10	11.00	100%	10%	0%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	2025-02-01	Y	8	15.00	100%	50%	0%
Upstate NY	2025-02-01	Y	3	16.67	100%	67%	0%

Data


UCF C	Florida B	10	0	10
Florida State A	UCF B	10	0	10
Valencia A	Florida A	10	0	10
Carnegie Mellon A	Case Western A	10	0	10
Michigan B	Michigan D	10	0	10
Michigan A	Michigan C	10	0	10
Case Western B	Ohio State B	10	0	10
Duke	Liberty B	10	0	10
Liberty C	South Carolina	10	0	10
UNC B	Virginia Tech A	10	0	10
Virginia A	UNC C	10	0	10
Liberty A	UNC D	10	0	10
William & Mary	Wake Forest	10	10	20
Illinois A	Chicago A	10	10	20
Missouri	Chicago B	10	0	10
Minnesota B	Iowa State	10	0	10
Winona State	Wisconsin A	10	0	10
Wisconsin B	Carleton	10	0	10
Tufts A	BU	10	0	10
Brandeis A	Harvard B	10	0	10
Brown A	Brandeis B	10	10	20
MIT A	Dartmouth A	10	10	20
Harvard A	UMass Boston	10	0	10
Ohio State A	Michigan State	10	0	10
Georgetown A	Notre Dame A	10	10	20
Stanford B	Georgetown B	10	10	20
Northwestern A	Notre Dame B	10	10	20
Northwestern B	Notre Dame C	10	10	20
Iowa	Purdue	10	0	10
UW A	Alberta	10	10	20
UW B	UBC	10	0	10
Georgia Tech D	Georgia Tech A	10	10	20
Georgia Tech C	Georgia Tech B	10	0	10
Vanderbilt A	Alabama A	10	10	20
Bruin A	Louisville A	10	0	10
Oxford A	Bristol	10	10	20
Manchester	Cambridge A	10	0	10
Cambridge B	Southampton A	10	0	10
Southampton B	Cambridge C	10	0	10
Warwick B	Cambridge D	10	0	10
Warwick A	Cambridge E	10	0	10
NYU C	Durham	10	0	10
Imperial B	Oxford C	10	0	10
Imperial A	Oxford B	10	0	10
Sheffield	LSE	10	0	10
Columbia B	Penn B	10	10	20
Cornell B	NYU B	10	10	20
Haverford A	Rutgers A	10	0	10
George Washington B	John Jay College	10	0	10
Maryland A	Maryland B	10	0	10
NYU A	Haverford B	10	10	20
Yale A	Columbia C	10	0	10
ESF A	Binghamton A	10	0	10
Cornell C	Cornell D	10	10	20
RIT A	RIT B	10	10	20
Johns Hopkins A	George Washington A	10	10	20