A 2024 study lead-authored by K.S. Joseph found that overreliance on a specific “checkbox” introduced in 2003 led to massive overestimates of this phenomenon in the U.S. The IMPROVE Initiative within NIH was founded to address this problem. In a 2022 campaign speech, Stacey Abrams said that Georgia having the highest rate of this problem made it “the worst state in the country to live.” A Texas committee tasked with reviewing this issue declined to look at any data from 2022 or 2023. In November 2024, all members of a similar committee in Georgia were dismissed after some spoke to the press about Amber Thurman and Candi Miller, who each suffered this issue after a new law made dilation and curettage harder to obtain. For 10 points, programs that train Black doulas (“DOO-luhz”) aim to reduce racial disparities in rates of what tragic medical outcome? ■END■