Original language terms or English translations are acceptable. The tomb of the earliest known holder of this title was identified by an incense-burner with “Jester Headband” iconography. A noblewoman found to have suffered from osteoporosis is thought to be the wife of a holder of this title and was buried in the Tomb of the Red Queen. (10[1])That holder of this title is depicted between a cosmic tree and the jaws of an underworld monster in a mural at the Temple of the Inscriptions. (10[3])Kaan snake heads (10[1])identified holders of this (10[1])position who fought a “cold war” with a rival city. Isotope analysis helped reject the claim that Spearthrower Owl (10[2]-5[1])was the descendant of a “goggle-eyed” (10[1])holder of this title. A “great” holder of this title, (10[1]-5[2])whose reign of 68 years is the longest verified in the Americas, (10[1])was named (-5[1])Pakal. (10[4])For 10 points, name this position whose holders ruled city-states like Palenque (10[3])(“puh-LEN-kay”) and Tikal. ■END■ (10[3])