Tonry and Schneider proposed using these objects as a secondary distance indicator by measuring their surface brightness fluctuations, which are derived by subtracting an isophotal model. The pointwise correlation between these objects’ shapes is used to measure the cosmic shear from weak gravitational (-5[1])lensing. The result that these objects’ surface brightness is proportional to “the exponential of minus the fourth root of radius” was generalized by José Luis Sérsic (“SAIR-sitch”). The (10[1])luminosity of (10[1])these (10[1])objects (10[1])is proportional to the fourth power (-5[1])of (-5[1])their (-5[1])velocity (10[1])dispersion. (10[3]-5[2])De Vaucouleurs’s (“voh-koo-LURR’s”) law (10[2])describes (10[1])these objects, whose spectra have strong absorption features since they lack HII (“H-two”) regions and are dominated by old red stars, (10[2])as they formed from past mergers. The left of Hubble’s tuning fork contains, for 10 points, what oval-shaped (10[1])galaxies? ■END■ (10[6]0[1])