Bounds on rational approximations of numbers with this property were refined by Thue, Siegel, and Roth. Bounds on approximations of numbers with this property use that this property is [emphasize] not possessed by the infinite sum of one over “10 to the k factorial.” If a-sub-i are distinct numbers with this property, then “e to the a-sub-i” are independent over the rationals. A field extension has this property if it has finite degree. A number was shown [emphasize] not to have this property when a simplified version of the Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem was used by Charles Hermite. All rationals and some irrationals like the golden ratio belong to the countable set of numbers with this property. For 10 points, name this property of numbers that are the roots of polynomials with rational coefficients, which is contrasted with being transcendental. ■END■
ANSWER: algebraic [accept algebraic numbers or algebraic integers or algebraic number fields] (The second sentence is Liouville’s theorem on the rational approximation of algebraic numbers.)
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