After a “Mueller mechanical integrating” type of these devices was discovered in an unexploded V-2 rocket, Charles Stark Draper adapted it into a type still used in modern missiles. Thermal examples of these devices lack moving parts and work by measuring the asymmetry of temperature distribution around a bubble in a sealed space. The GOCE (“GO-chey”) spacecraft contains three pairs of highly accurate examples of these devices to try to find the exact shape of the geoid. MEMS examples of these devices consist of a seismic mass and a cantilever beam. Spring-based examples of these devices give a value of [read slowly] “the spring constant times distance moved by a mass, all over the test mass.” In smartphones, these devices can trigger screen rotation by determining orientation changes. For 10 points, name these devices that measure the rate of change of velocity. ■END■
ANSWER: accelerometers [accept Mueller mechanical integrating accelerometers or pendulous integrating gyroscopic accelerometers or MEMS accelerometers or PIGA accelerometers or gravimeters; prompt on gradiometers; prompt on gyroscopes until “bubble” is read by asking “what other device is the gyroscope a part of?”; reject “gyroscopes” after “bubble” is read]
<Physics>
= Average correct buzz position