Assuming that this phenomenon is gradual, Dugdale’s zone can be derived via superposition in his namesake model. That cohesive zone model of this phenomenon features a graph of an ellipse that is sharper at the ends due to cohesive traction. The square of a quantity named for this phenomenon is proportional to the J-integral. (15[1])A theory about this phenomenon (15[1])which provides a relationship between Young’s modulus and surface energy density is called (*) Griffith’s criterion. This (10[2])phenomenon is marked by an X in a stress-strain curve. (10[2]-5[1])Using (10[1])stress intensity (10[1]-5[1])factors allows (-5[1])the (10[1])R-curve (10[1])to be expressed as this phenomenon’s namesake toughness as a function of crack length. This phenomenon can be classified into opening, sliding, and tearing. (10[1]-5[1])For (-5[1])10 points, (-5[1])name this (-5[1])process in which (-5[1])stress (10[1])causes a material (10[2]-5[2])to completely (10[2]-5[1])break (-5[1])in (10[1])two. ■END■ (10[11]0[4])