The Republic of Tamrash was exempted from annexation by this country when it absorbed a territory to its south as part of the Tophane (“toep-HAH-nay”) Agreement. During this country’s national revival, renewed prominence was given to a history written by Paisius of Hilendar. A poet from this country dedicated a poem to the American journalist Januarius MacGahan (“muh-GANN”) for his coverage of its atrocities like the Batak (-5[1])Massacre. Descriptions of the April Uprising led William (10[1])(*) Gladstone to condemn (10[1])this country’s eponymous “horrors.” This country merged with Eastern Rumelia after initially being separated from it by the Treaty of San Stefano. This country achieved formal independence from the Ottoman Empire under its tsar Ferdinand I. For 10 points, name this Balkan (10[1])country with capital Sofia. ■END■