This quantity for water is around 4.184 joules per gram times Celsius. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this quantity equal to the heat needed per unit increase in a substance’s temperature.
ANSWER: heat capacity [accept specific heat capacity or molar heat capacity; prompt on c]
[10m] The heat capacity under an isobaric system divided by the heat capacity under an isochoric system gives this quantity. This quantity, often denoted gamma, is 1.4 for diatomic gases.
ANSWER: adiabatic index
[10h] The adiabatic index of an ideal gas equals 1 plus 2 over this quantity. In the classical limit, the internal energy is equal to one-half k-T times this quantity according to the equipartition theorem.
ANSWER: number of degrees of freedom
<Alex Li, Physics>