Ancient Greek term required. An essay titled for this term ends with the image of a philosopher shouting to wake a sleeper while himself sinking into sleep and analyzes Heraclitus’s drive to seek truth. An aphorism from the Oresteia pairs this term with the word “mathei” and translates to: this term “teaches.” The Stoics used this term to refer to a set of four afflictions including epithumia and lupē. Nietzsche used this term in Beyond Good and Evil in a phrase that denotes the noble person’s ability to create values via (*) “distance.” A term referring to the absence of this concept was sought instead of ataraxia by the Stoics. This Greek word is the origin of a term that refers to over-personification of nature, such as calling a storm “angry,” which John Ruskin labeled a fallacy. For 10 points, Aristotle contrasted ethos and logos with what appeal to emotion? ■END■
ANSWER: pathos [accept pathos mathei or pathei mathos; accept pathê; accept apatheia; accept pathos of distance; prompt on pathetic fallacy] (The essay in the first sentence is Nietzsche’s “On the Pathos of Truth.”)
<Morrison, Philosophy>
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