Bemis and Murcko name a popular clustering algorithm used to generate these structures by removing side chain atoms. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these structures that are generated computationally by modifying the core structure of a compound while maintaining its biological activity in a namesake “hopping” technique.
ANSWER: scaffolds [accept scaffold hopping; prompt on lead hopping]
[10e] Scaffold hopping is used primarily in the design of these pharmacological compounds, which may be “discovered” via techniques like high throughput screening or QSAR (“Q-sar”).
ANSWER: drugs [or medications; or medicine;s or pharmaceuticals]
[10m] A compound’s druglikeness can be evaluated using this rule, which, among other criteria, states that an orally active drug should not have more than 5 hydrogen bond donors and 10 hydrogen bond acceptors.
ANSWER: Lipinski’s rule of five [or Pfizer’s rule of five; accept RO5]
<Hong, Chemistry>