A Soviet researcher working with expert blacksmiths produced “cyclograms” while studying “intertrial variability” in this phenomenon. For 10 points each:
[10m] Nikolai Bernstein observed “repetition without repetition” in what phenomenon? Cheaper by the Dozen couple Frank and Lillian Gilbreth used “therblig” units in studies named for time and this phenomenon.
ANSWER: bodily motions [or bodily movements; accept motor skills or motor learning; accept kinesis or kinesiology; accept motion studies or time and motion studies]
[10e] Bernstein proposed that motor skills require “freezing” these things, which name the problem of “motor equivalence.” In many sciences, this three-word term refers to the factors that may vary independently in a system.
ANSWER: degrees of freedom [or DOF]
[10h] The degrees-of-freedom problem illustrates this paradox in AI research, which notes the relative simplicity of reasoning compared with sensorimotor skills. It is named for a scientist who imagined AI flooding the “landscape of human competence” and wrote Mind Children.
ANSWER: Moravec’s paradox [accept Hans Moravec]
<JB, Other Academic>