This technique is commonly paired with a vapor condenser. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this technique that separates the components of a mixture by boiling point. Azeotropes are mixtures that cannot be separated by this technique.
ANSWER: distillation
[10m] Azeotropes occur when the two elements have the smallest value of this quantity for mixing. The change in this quantity at equilibrium equals negative RT times the log of the equilibrium constant.
ANSWER: Gibbs free energy [prompt on delta-G]
[10h] These apparatuses, which are often used to aid azeotropic distillation, consist of a boiling flask connected to a side arm to collect water.
ANSWER: Dean-Stark apparatus [or Dean-Stark trap]
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