During this decade, William T. Golden recommended appointing Oliver Ellsworth Buckley as a presidential advisor instead of re-establishing the OSRD. While on leave from the MIT presidency towards this decade’s end, James Killian headed the initial PSAC. (15[1])Congress created the first federally-funded student loan program (15[1])in this decade (-5[1])as part of the National (-5[1])Defense Education (15[1])Act, (15[2])which occurred (15[1])during the International (-5[2])Geophysical Year. (15[3])New (15[1])Math began (-5[1])to reform (15[1]-5[2])STEM (-5[2])curricula (15[1])and (-5[1])(*) DARPA (-5[1])was established (10[2]-5[1])in this decade (-5[1])following Project (10[1])Vanguard’s failure. (10[1])American satellite Explorer 1 (-5[1])was launched in this decade (10[3])in response (10[2])to the (10[1])Soviet dog Laika’s (10[2])space flight. (10[1]-5[1])For 10 (10[1])points, name this decade (-5[1])in which the Sputnik 1’s (10[2]-5[1])launch (10[1])began the Space (10[1])Race. (10[6])■END■ (10[12])