Pamela Swadling’s Plumes from Paradise describes how these two sultanates opened up New Guinea to Western trade, sparking a European fashion craze for bird-of-paradise feathers. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name either of these two rival Moluccan sultanates that dominated the East Indian spice trade until their nutmeg, mace, and clove supplies were destroyed by the Dutch extirpatie (“ex-teer-PAHT-see”) policy.
ANSWER: Tidore (“tee-DOR-ay”) OR Ternate (“tair-NAH-tay”) [accept Sultanate of Tidore or Kesultanan Tidore or Todore in place of “Tidore”; accept Sultanate of Ternate, or Kesultanan Ternate, Tarinate, Kingdom of Gapi, or Kerajaan Gapi in place of “Ternate”]
[10e] Melanesian trade networks using tevau feathers as currency have been evidenced by this material from Papua found in Vanuatu and Fiji. The pupils of Easter Island’s moai are formed from this black volcanic glass.
ANSWER: obsidian
[10m] Marquesan legend tells of how traders from this kingdom exchanged red kula feathers throughout Polynesia, including with James Cook, who called its islands “Friendly” for his warm reception by its monarch, the Tu’i.
ANSWER: Tonga [or Kingdom of Tonga or Pule‘anga Fakatu‘i ‘o Tonga; accept Tu’i Tonga Empire or Tongan Empire]
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