A 2020 book by Augustine Sedgwick discusses how James Hill introduced Manchester’s ruthless “Cottonopolis” culture to this crop’s cultivation in El Salvador, creating a brutal monoculture economy. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this crop that funded El Salvador’s Fourteen Families and the Meléndez–Quiñónez (“keen-YOH-ness”) dynasty. Oligarchs in another country who supported the Paulista Republican Party exported this crop from Santos (“SUN-toose”).
ANSWER: coffee [accept café; accept milk coffee or café com leite; accept Coffeeland] (The other country is Brazil.)
[10e] This country’s coffee elite forced indigenous Mayans into labor on fincas, eventually contributing to civil war in 1960. Landowners like the United Fruit Company helped overthrow Jacobo Árbenz (“ha-KO-bo AR-bens”) in this country in 1954.
ANSWER: Guatemala [or Republic of Guatemala or República de Guatemala; accept Paxil Kayala’]
[10h] This president’s diversification of Costa Rica’s economy helped it escape the political turmoil of other Central American “coffee republics.” This man won the 1987 Nobel Peace Prize for organizing the Esquipulas (“ess-kee-POO-lahss”) Peace Agreement.
ANSWER: Óscar Arias [or Óscar Arias Sánchez]
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