Question

Dana Scott and Peter Aczel name statements called “anti-[this axiom]” that replace this axiom in some alternate set theories. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this axiom of ZF set theory, which states that for every non-empty set A, there exists an element of A that is disjoint from A. It implies that there does not exist infinite descending chains.
ANSWER: axiom of regularity [accept axiom of foundation]
[10e] Regularity applied to the singleton set containing only A implies that A does not contain itself, thus helping avoid this paradox named after a British philosopher.
ANSWER: Russell’s paradox [accept Bertrand Russell]
[10m] Regularity is equivalent to every set appearing in the Von Neumann universe, which is constructed inductively by applying unions and this operation. By Cantor’s theorem, applying this operation on a set strictly increases cardinality.
ANSWER: powerset
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Summary

2024 ACF Regionals @ Nebraska01/27/2024Y510.0080%20%0%
2024 ACF Regionals @ Ohio State01/27/2024Y25.0050%0%0%
2024 ACF Regionals @ Imperial01/27/2024Y815.0088%63%0%
2024 ACF Regionals @ Vanderbilt01/27/2024Y110.00100%0%0%
2024 ACF Regionals @ MIT01/27/2024Y313.33100%33%0%

Data

Appalachian StateClaremont A010010
Iowa ATexas A&M A0000
SorbonneRice A010010
Texas A&M BTexas A010010
UBC AUW A0101020
Ohio State BKenyon0000
Michigan AMichigan B010010
Cambridge AEdinburgh0101020
Oxford ADurham A0101020
Imperial ACambridge B0101020
KCLOxford C0000
Durham BKiel010010
Oxford BBristol010010
SheffieldCambridge C0101020
Imperial BWarwick0101020
GeodesicGeorgia Tech A010010
Brown ABrandeis A010010
Tufts BHarvard A0101020
Yale BHarvard B010010