Asaka, Blanchet, and Shaposhnikov introduced a “minimal” model named for these particles in a paper that notes the LMA solution concerning them. These particles all have an X charge of either minus 5 or minus 3. Tsutomu Yanagida named an argument involving these particles for the way a constant matrix determinant implies a certain link between two eigenvalues. Some of these particles’ properties are explained using a chiral example of them via the type I (“one”) seesaw mechanism. (10[4])A hypothetical (10[2])type of these (10[1])particles, (10[1])which are a promising dark matter (-5[1])candidate (10[2])because their right-handedness lets them only couple to gravity, would increase the dimensions of (10[1])the PMNS (10[1])matrix and are (10[1])termed (10[1])“sterile.” (10[2])For 10 points, (10[3])the Standard Model (10[1])does not account for oscillations (10[1])between the electron, muon, and tau flavors of what “ghostly” leptons? ■END■ (10[2])