Elliott Sober has disputed that a work of this type refuted psychological hedonism in an argument about someone swallowing a stone. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this unusual philosophical format. A celebrated description of the “cool hour” of moral self-reflection appears in a set of 15 of these works by Joseph Butler.
ANSWER: sermons [or preaching or word forms; prompt on speeches, orations, discourses, or equivalents; prompt on descriptions of religious texts] (The argument is called “Butler’s Stone.”)
[10m] Butler’s disciple Richard Price preached a sermon that this philosopher defended in a 1790s “pamphlet war.” An essay by this philosopher attacks the didactic use of Fordyce’s sermons and Book V (“five”) of Rousseau’s Émile.
ANSWER: Mary Wollstonecraft (The works referenced are A Vindication of the Rights of Men and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.)
[10e] Wollstonecraft wrote that “the most enlightened philosopher” was this faculty, which is the linchpin of Butler’s moral psychology. Religious liberty is often called “freedom of” this inner sense of right and wrong.
ANSWER: conscience [accept freedom of conscience; prompt on reflection or word forms]
<Philosophy>