In the typical right-branching structure, this component of a syllable contains the nucleus and an optional coda, and heavy syllables have multiple moras in this component. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this concluding part of a syllable. Its name is a homophone for a phenomenon central to a type of Cockney slang that uses phrases like “apples and pears.”
ANSWER: rime [or rhyme; accept Cockney Rhyming Slang] (“Apples and pears” is slang for stairs.)
[10m] The rime is contrasted with this component, which does not influence syllable weight. Intervocalic consonants always belong to this part of the second syllable, according to their principle of “maximization.”
ANSWER: onset [accept onset maximization or maximal onset principle; prompt on O; reject “initial”]
[10h] The fact that English syllable onsets do not contain two labials reflects one of these phenomena, which may be “systematic” if compelled by a language’s rules or “accidental” if they are not.
ANSWER: linguistic gaps [or lacunae; or holes; prompt on phonological constraints or phonotactic constraints]
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