An Abkhazian-born statesman with this name promoted the ‘ulamā’s separation of powers in The Surest Path and visited Paris with the Fundamental Pact’s author Bin Ḍiyāf. For 10 points each:
[10m] Give this name of a reformer who created the Sadiki lycée (“lee-SAY”) under Sadok Bey. A beylerbeyi (“BAY-lar-bee”) of Algiers who went by this Islamic name captured Ḥafṣid Tūnis after the Zayyānids killed his brother Oruç (“oh-ROOCH”).
ANSWER: Hayreddin [or Hayrettin, Khair al-Dīn, Khayr ad-Dīn, or Kheireddine; accept Hayreddin Barbarossa, Khair al-Dīn Barbarus, Hızır Hayrettin Pasha, or variants; accept Hayreddin Pasha, Khayr ad-Dīn Pāshā t-Tūnisiyy, Khair al-Dīn al-Tunsi, or Tunuslu Hayreddin Paşa; prompt on Barbarossa, Barbarus, Khiḍr, Khiḍr, Hızır, mevlâna, or sultânü’l mucâhid by asking “what Islamic name did he generally use?”]
[10h] Arabic-derived name required. Hayreddin Pasha’s Grand Council was created by Tunisia’s 1861 Qānūn al-Dawla, which this party tried to restore in the 1920s. Ḥabīb Bourguiba reorganized this party to oppose the French Residence in 1934.
ANSWER: Destour Party [or Destūr or Dustur or al-Ḥizb al-Ḥurr ad-Dustūrī; accept Neo-Destour Party or el-Ḥizb el-Ḥurr ed-Dustūrī el-Jadīd; accept Socialist Destourian Party or el-Ḥizb el-Ishtirākī ed-Dustūrī or Parti socialiste destourien] (Its name means “constitution.”)
[10e] This founding monarch issued a 1926 destūr basic law for the Hejaz after he conquered Hussein’s Hashemite kingdom from the Nejd and unified much of Arabia.
ANSWER: Ibn Saud [or Ibn Su‘ūd; or Abdulaziz bin Saud; or Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman or Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd ar-Raḥman; or Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd ar-Raḥman Āl Su‘ūd; prompt on Saud or Āl Su‘ūd or Saudi family]
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