In Wandering in Darkness, Eleanor Stump contrasted “Dominican knowledge” with a type of non-propositional knowledge that she named for this group. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this mendicant order whose scholastics took Augustinian positions versus Dominicans like Aquinas. William of Ockham defended this order’s practice of “apostolic poverty.”
ANSWER: Franciscan Order [or Franciscans; or Order of Friars Minor or Ordo Fratrum Minorum; or Seraphic Order; prompt on friars or First Order]
[10m] The Franciscans’ “most famous pair” of doctrines was the plurality of substantial forms and the “universal” form of this view. This Aristotelian view equates substance with matter and form.
ANSWER: hylomorphism [accept universal hylomorphism]
[10h] Franciscans embraced this position on divine and human action, in contrast to Aquinas’s intellectualism. This position shares its name with a modern “doxastic” view, which holds that people can choose their own beliefs.
ANSWER: voluntarism [or voluntarist; accept doxastic voluntarism]
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