This practice was largely unavailable in Japan until the Health and Welfare Ministry approved a low-dose drug in 1999. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this practice that was championed in the National Diet by Katō Shidzue (“shee-ZOO-eh”), who promoted it with a violator of the Comstock laws who visited Japan on the “black ship of Taishō” after founding the ABCL.
ANSWER: contraception [or contraceptives; or birth control; accept family planning or family limitation or equivalents; accept the pill, combined oral contraceptive pill, condoms, diaphragms, pessaries, pessary, or spermicides; accept descriptions of preventing pregnancy or preventing conception or reducing fertility; reject “abortion” or “sterilization” or “Plan B”] (Katō worked with Margaret Sanger, who founded the American Birth Control League.)
[10h] Yamakawa Kikue advocated contraception after challenging this ideology in the 1918 maternity protection debate. This ideal of womanhood, known by four English or two Japanese words, was similar to yamato nadeshiko.
ANSWER: “good wife, wise mother” [or ryōsai kenbo, “good wives, wise mothers,” “wise mother, good wife,” or “wise mothers, good wives”; accept virtuous in place of “wise”]
[10e] Ryōsai kenbo was most visibly repudiated by Ginza’s fashionable moga, or “modern girls,” who copied the bob haircuts of these American women during the 1920s.
ANSWER: flappers
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