Question
This element is consumed in the CNO cycle and proton-proton chain. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this most abundant element in the universe. A heavier isotope of this element is deuterium.
ANSWER: hydrogen [or H]
[10h] Transitions in the hyperfine structure of hydrogen create this spectral line, named for its wavelength. Radio waves in this feature are used to observe properties of galaxies.
ANSWER: 21 centimeter line [or 21 cm; reject equivalents of “21 centimeters”, such as “0.21 meters”]
[10m] Radio waves in the 21 centimeter line, unlike visible light, can also pass through this substance undeterred. The interstellar medium consists of gas, cosmic rays, and this substance.
ANSWER: cosmic dust [or extraterrestrial dust or interstellar dust or space dust or star dust]
<Other Science>
Summary
| 2024 ACF Fall at Cornell | fall | Y | 7 | 14.29 | 100% | 43% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Ohio State | fall | Y | 7 | 17.14 | 100% | 71% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Washington | fall | Y | 1 | 20.00 | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Georgia | fall | Y | 10 | 18.00 | 100% | 60% | 20% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at North Carolina | fall | Y | 7 | 14.29 | 100% | 43% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Claremont Colleges | fall | Y | 5 | 12.00 | 100% | 20% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Rutgers | fall | Y | 7 | 18.57 | 100% | 71% | 14% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Illinois | fall | Y | 9 | 12.22 | 89% | 33% | 0% |
Data
| Cornell D | Binghamton A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Cornell B | Binghamton B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Cornell C | RIT B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Cornell E | U of Rochester A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| RIT A | Syracuse | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn State | U of Rochester B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Jefferson County Scholars (DII) | CWRU A (UG) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| CWRU C (UG) | Michigan D (UG) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Michigan State B | Miami C (DII) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Michigan B (UG) | Ohio State A (UG) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Michigan C | Ohio State B (DII) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Miami B (UG) | West Virginia A (UG) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Michigan A (UG) | West Virginia B (UG) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| UW Wrath | UBC A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Tennessee A | Alabama A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn A | South Carolina A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Auburn B | Southern | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Mississippi State A | Auburn C | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Georgia Tech B | Clemson A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Emory A | Georgia Tech C | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Tennessee B | Emory Oxford | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Vanderbilt A | Georgia Tech D | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| South Carolina B | Vanderbilt B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Duke B | UNC D | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Appalachian State A | James Madison A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Liberty A | William & Mary | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| UNC B | Liberty C | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Virginia | Tusculum | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Virginia Tech A | VCU | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Virginia Tech B | James Madison B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Claremont B | UCLA D | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| UCLA E | Claremont C | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| UCLA A | Claremont A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| UCSD | UCLA B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| UCLA C | USC | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Penn B (DII) | Bard A (UG) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Columbia A (UG) | Fordham A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Columbia B | Maryland A (DII) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| NYU A (UG) | Lehigh B (DII) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| NYU B | Penn A (DII) | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Maryland B (DII) | Princeton A (UG) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Columbia J (DII) | Rutgers A (UG) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Chicago A | WashU A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Chicago B | Notre Dame C | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Illinois D | Notre Dame B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| WashU B | Indiana | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Iowa A | Purdue A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Northwestern B | Illinois C | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Northwestern A | Notre Dame A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Purdue B | Iowa B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| SIUE | Purdue C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |