In 1927, Hermann Zanstra showed that for a star in an optically thick nebula, this quantity can be estimated from the flux of Balmer lines from the nebula. The ratio of this quantity to the 3/2 ["three halves"] power and the square root of density is proportional to the Jeans Mass. In the Mestel theory, the rate of change of this quantity in white dwarfs is proportional to the negative 7/2 [“seven halves”] power of this quantity. According to the Schwarzschild condition, when the radial (*) gradient of this property exceeds its adiabatic value, stars will undergo convection. This quantity to the fourth power is proportional to luminosity in the Stefan-Boltzmann law. According to Wien’s law, stellar color is directly related to this quantity, meaning blue stars have higher values of it. For 10 points, name this quantity which, at the sun’s surface, is 5,770 Kelvin. ■END■
| 2023 Penn Bowl (Harvard) | 10/21/2023 | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 115.00 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl (Mainsite) | 10/21/2023 | Y | 7 | 100% | 14% | 14% | 104.00 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl (Norcal) | 10/28/2023 | Y | 2 | 100% | 50% | 0% | 77.00 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl (South Central) | 10/28/2023 | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 116.00 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl (UK) | 10/28/2023 | Y | 5 | 100% | 0% | 20% | 116.40 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl @ Waterloo | 10/28/2023 | Y | 4 | 100% | 50% | 50% | 100.75 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl @ UNC | 10/28/2023 | Y | 3 | 100% | 33% | 0% | 88.00 |
| 2023 Penn Bowl @ FSU | 10/28/2023 | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 99.00 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rayton Lin | Waterloo Miku | Toronto Rofl | 62 | 15 |
| Gareth Thorlakson | Toronto Weary | Waterloo Hatsune | 66 | 15 |
| Ryan Sun | Berkeley C | Berkeley A | 70 | 15 |
| Robert Freeman | USC A | Duke A | 71 | 15 |
| Graham Troy | UNC B | UNC A | 72 | 10 |
| Forrest Weintraub | Columbia A | Cornell A | 76 | 15 |
| Biniam Alaro | Florida A | North Florida | 77 | 10 |
| Cade Reinberger | RIT | John Jay A | 77 | -5 |
| Henry Atkins | Library of Babel School of Continuing Studies | La Clique du Château | 80 | -5 |
| Allan Lee | Stanford | Berkeley B | 84 | 10 |
| George Charlson | Scottish, Irish, Both or Neither | Edinburgh | 94 | 10 |
| Kane Nguyen | Mixed-Affiliated Contingency, Off the Team & Absent: Wong, Adrian | Toronto Joy | 95 | -5 |
| Munir Siddiqui | UMD B | JHU A | 96 | 10 |
| Geoffrey Wu | Columbia B | Cornell B | 104 | 10 |
| Isaac Mamel | UMD A | Rutgers | 106 | 10 |
| Derrick Liu | JHU B | Swarthmore | 106 | 10 |
| Chinmay Murthy | Texas A | Texas B | 106 | 10 |
| Mason Yu | Brown | Brandeis | 108 | 10 |
| Caleb Zhao | MIT | Harvard | 109 | 10 |
| Samuel Wang | Pitt | NYU | 110 | 10 |
| Ethan Webb | Yes, Moderator | Betrayed by Rita Izzatdust | 115 | 10 |
| Ali Izzatdust | Four Neg Omelette | Tabearnacle | 115 | 10 |
| Samuel Stella | FSU B | FSU A | 121 | 10 |
| Zac Bennett | Oklahoma A | Texas C | 121 | 10 |
| Rahul Kumar | Rice | Oklahoma B | 121 | 10 |
| Mark Grant | Broken Hearts | Old London Town | 121 | 10 |
| Anish Kodali | UNC C | USC B | 121 | 10 |
| Vedant Modi | Tufts | Boston College | 128 | 10 |
| Jerry Vinokurov | John Jay A | RIT | 130 | 10 |
| Sam Moore | Foucoult's Penndulum | 3HK1MM | 130 | -5 |
| Marcus Forbes-Greene | Toronto Joy | Mixed-Affiliated Contingency, Off the Team & Absent: Wong, Adrian | 137 | 10 |
| Justin Lee | 3HK1MM | Foucoult's Penndulum | 137 | 10 |
| Nicolas Edwards | La Clique du Château | Library of Babel School of Continuing Studies | 138 | 10 |