Blaise Pascal believed that thoughts of this curve cured his toothache, leading him to publish a prize for those who could find the area, volume, and center of gravity of this curve. To create better chronometers, Christiaan Hyguens developed a pendulum whose pivot was placed inside of this curve and whose bob traced out a path that was also this curve. This curve (-5[1])was the result of a proof by Isaac Newton that was recognized ■END■