Specific term required. The concept of “cultural” examples of these people was introduced in a study by Paul DiMaggio of how elite 19th-century Bostonians created a base for “high culture.” Studying these people involves considering a “nexus of individuals” to understand processes of “discovery and exploitation” according to a definition proposed by Shane and Venkataraman. In economics, the term for these people was first used by Richard Cantillon, who used it to denote those with known costs but (*) unknown future incomes. Many libertarians contrast “market” examples of these people with “political” ones, who are opportunistic rent-seekers. The “spirit” of these people was described by Joseph Schumpeter, who argued that they drive “creative destruction” by introducing innovations. For 10 points, give this French-derived term for businessmen who operate risky ventures. ■END■
ANSWER: entrepreneurs [accept Unternehmer or Unternehmergeist; accept cultural/market/political entrepreneurs or entrepreneurial spirit; prompt on innovators or businessmen or businesspeople or founders of companies or capitalists]
<Will Alston, Social Science>
= Average correct buzz position