This psychologist found evidence of the “birthday-number effect,” in which people feel more positively about numbers in their birthdays, in an attempt to create a novel self-esteem metric for Japanese people. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this psychologist who collaborated with Hazel Markus on a paper that introduced the notions of an “independent self” more common among Western people and an “interdependent self” more common among Asians.
ANSWER: Shinobu Kitayama
[10m] The “birthday-number effect” can be thought of as a case of this effect discovered by Robert Zajonc (“ZYE-awnts”), in which people are more positive about something simply by virtue of being familiar with it.
ANSWER: mere exposure effect
[10e] The most common measure of self-esteem is a test paradigm named for this type of association. This adjective often is used to describe biases that are the result of subconscious processes.
ANSWER: implicit [accept implicit-association test or implicit biases]
<Ryan Rosenberg, Social Science>