The ground state and excited state of these defects are both triplets, and the strength of the decays through intermediate singlets varies depending on the spin. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name these point defects. The long coherence time of these defects makes them useful for constructing qubits by repeatedly exciting them with 532 nanometer green laser light and allowing them to decay in order to “initialize” the spin state.
ANSWER: nitrogen-vacancy centers [or NV centers; accept NV-minus centers or NV0 centers; prompt on partial answer]
[10h] Cooling a nitrogen-vacancy center allows increased resolution of this spectral line, which is analogous to the Mössbauer line. The Franck–Condon principle gives the frequency gap between this line and the peak of a related sideband.
ANSWER: zero-phonon line [or ZPL]
[10e] Nitrogen-vacancy centers are found in this material. Extremely high pressures can be created using anvil cells that use this material.
ANSWER: diamond [accept diamond anvil cells; prompt on carbon]
<Geoffrey Wu, Chemistry>