This concept is described as “the root of all virtue and the stem out of which grows all moral teaching” in a namesake classic treatise that was based on a conversation between Confucius and Zēngzǐ. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this key virtue exemplified by a culture of reciprocity of care in various East Asian cultures.
ANSWER: filial piety [or xiào; accept Classic of Filial Piety or Xiàojīng; prompt on piety; prompt on answers about respecting/obeying one’s elders]
[10m] Filial reciprocity between children and their parents is reversed in this controversial practice in which parents find spouses for their dead children. Paper objects resembling furniture and clothes are burned during this practice.
ANSWER: ghost marriage [or spirit marriage or mínghūn; prompt on posthumous marriage or marriages]
[10h] Filial piety can be observed through this action, the mental rewards of good intentioned actions which are gifted to the deceased. In the Yulanpen or Ullambana Sūtra, this doctrine allows Mulian to free his dead mother from a preta after offering food to the sangha.
ANSWER: transfer of merit [or pariṇāmanā, pattidāna, or pattānumodanā; accept answers indicating the movement of merit from a person to their deceased relatives; prompt on generating merit and similar]
<Kevin Thomas, Beliefs>