This property’s “hypothesis” equates arbitrarily small time integrals with integrals over phase space. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this thermodynamic property of systems in which time averages equal ensemble averages. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek word for “work.”
ANSWER: ergodicity [accept ergodic hypothesis]
[10h] The breaking of ergodicity forms these subspaces of chaotic quantum systems that are decoupled from the energy spectrum. These subspaces form around the unstable classical periodic orbits where probability density is enhanced.
ANSWER: quantum scars [accept quantum scarring]
[10m] Ergodic systems undergo this process by which local observables “relax” towards equilibrium values. A hypothesis of this process on eigenstates of a Hamiltonian describes their equilibration behavior as an ensemble.
ANSWER: thermalization [accept eigenstate thermalization hypothesis]
<David Bass, Physics>