This phenomenon can be modeled with the Newell-Daganzo flux function. This phenomenon is modeled by a self-organizing cellular automaton in the Biham-Middleton-Levine model. This phenomenon is characterized by phase transitions between states labeled F, S, and J in a theory developed (15[1])by Boris Kerner. A 1955 (15[1])paper by Lighthill and Whitham described disturbances in this phenomenon (15[1])as either shock waves or kinematic waves. You can pick any (15[1])two of flow, velocity, and density to be the axes of this phenomenon's so-called (*) “fundamental diagram.” (10[1])This phenomenon can be complicated by a stationary or moving bottleneck, producing upstream congestion. (10[1])For 10 (10[1])points, name this (10[1])phenomenon, (10[3])where demand near the (10[1])maximum capacity can lead to namesake (10[1])slow-moving (10[2])“jams.” (10[2])■END■ (10[7]0[1])